Han Yu-Nan, Wang Yong-Xiang, Xiong Cheng-Yue, Li Lin, Mao Ru-Meng
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
Department of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jul 21;12:1617287. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1617287. eCollection 2025.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) poses a huge global public health challenge. The dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) measures the influence of diets on the microbiome, but its link with the odds of MetS is elusive. This paper examined the link between DI-GM and MetS and investigated the mediating role of the dietary inflammatory index (DII).
Data were sourced from the 2007-2018 NHANES for adults diagnosed with MetS. A total of 20,999 participants were included in the analysis. Dietary data were recorded via two 24-h dietary recalls, from which DI-GM and DII were calculated. Multivariate weighted logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were leveraged to assess the link between DI-GM and MetS. Mediation analysis was implemented to determine the role of DII in this association. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also implemented.
After adjusting for all covariates, participants in the highest DI-GM scores (Q4) had a greatly lower odds of MetS compared to those in the lowest DI-GM group (Q1) (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.69-0.92, = 0.003). The RCS analysis noted a linear negative link between DI-GM and MetS (P for nonlinear = 0.414). DII partially mediated the correlation between DI-GM and MetS [Indirect effect estimate = -0.00265, 95% CI: (-0.00445, -0.00167), < 0.001]. Subgroup analysis showed consistent negative associations between higher DI-GM (Q4) and MetS across various demographic and lifestyle subgroups, with no statistically significant interactions observed (P interaction > 0.05).
High DI-GM levels are linked with a significantly reduced odds of MetS, with DII partially mediating this association.
代谢综合征（MetS）对全球公共卫生构成了巨大挑战。肠道微生物群饮食指数（DI-GM）衡量饮食对微生物组的影响，但其与代谢综合征发生几率之间的联系尚不清楚。本文研究了DI-GM与MetS之间的联系，并探讨了饮食炎症指数（DII）的中介作用。
数据来源于2007 - 2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中被诊断患有MetS的成年人。共有20999名参与者纳入分析。通过两次24小时饮食回忆记录饮食数据，并据此计算DI-GM和DII。采用多变量加权逻辑回归和限制立方样条（RCS）分析来评估DI-GM与MetS之间的联系。进行中介分析以确定DII在此关联中的作用。还进行了亚组分析和敏感性分析。
在调整所有协变量后，与DI-GM得分最低组（Q1）相比，DI-GM得分最高组（Q4）的参与者患MetS的几率显著降低（OR = 0.80，95%CI = 0.69 - 0.92，P = 0.003）。RCS分析表明DI-GM与MetS之间存在线性负相关（非线性P值 = 0.414）。DII部分介导了DI-GM与MetS之间的相关性[间接效应估计值 = -0.00265，95%CI：（-0.00445，-0.00167），P < 0.001]。亚组分析显示，在不同人口统计学和生活方式亚组中，较高的DI-GM（Q4）与MetS之间均存在一致的负相关，未观察到具有统计学意义的交互作用（交互作用P值 > 0.05）。
高DI-GM水平与MetS发生几率显著降低相关，DII部分介导了这种关联。
