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使用高帧率多普勒超声监测弹性组织中的微区划分

Monitoring Fractionation in Elastic Tissues Using High Frame-Rate Doppler Ultrasound.

作者信息

Elliott Jake, Simon Julianna C

机构信息

Graduate Program in Acoustics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.

Graduate Program in Acoustics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.

出版信息

Ultrasound Med Biol. 2025 Aug 4. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2025.07.012.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Passive cavitation imaging (PCI) and bubble-induced color Doppler (BCD) have been used successfully to monitor liquefaction of soft tissues during histotripsy. However, it is unclear whether PCI and BCD can be similarly used in highly elastic tissues, which fractionate rather than liquefy. Our objective was to compare PCI with BCD for monitoring histotripsy fractionation of elastic tissues and tissue-mimicking phantoms.

METHODS

Telocollagen and elastic resin phantoms (n = 3 each) were fabricated for BCD validation; an additional 5 telocollagen gels were fabricated for direct comparison to ex vivo bovine superficial digital flexor tendons soaked in phosphate-buffered saline (healthy) or collagenase (tendinopathic; 3 each) for 1 week. All samples were treated with 1.5 MHz focused ultrasound (FUS) using 10 ms pulses repeated at 1 Hz (p = 127 MPa, p = 35 MPa) and treatment progression was monitored with PCI or BCD using a Verasonics Vantage-128 ultrasound system and an ATL L7-4 transducer.

RESULTS

At 6.7 ms post-FUS pulse, BCD better correlated with liquefaction in telocollagen samples than PCI (r = 0.75 ± 0.22 and r = -0.40 ± 0.48, respectively). In tendon, histotripsy produced grossly observable fractionation in 4/12 phosphate-buffered saline- and 10/12 collagenase-soaked treatment locations. Monitoring with BCD indicated that fractionation produced higher regression coefficient magnitudes in BCD (|r| = 0.63 ± 0.19) than PCI (|r| = 0.26 ± 0.21); however, regression directions in BCD were inconsistent.

CONCLUSION

Regression trends associated with Doppler metrics suggest the potential for BCD or perhaps a combination of PCI and BCD for monitoring FUS-induced fractionation in highly elastic tissues.

摘要

目的

被动空化成像(PCI)和气泡诱导彩色多普勒(BCD)已成功用于监测组织粉碎术期间软组织的液化。然而,目前尚不清楚PCI和BCD是否能同样用于高度弹性组织,这类组织会发生碎裂而非液化。我们的目的是比较PCI和BCD在监测弹性组织和组织模拟体模的组织粉碎术碎裂方面的效果。

方法

制作了端胶原和弹性树脂体模(各n = 3)用于BCD验证;另外制作了5个端胶原凝胶,用于与浸泡在磷酸盐缓冲盐水(健康)或胶原酶(肌腱病;各3个)中1周的离体牛浅指屈肌腱进行直接比较。所有样本均使用1.5 MHz聚焦超声(FUS)进行处理,采用10 ms脉冲,以1 Hz重复(p = 127 MPa,p = 35 MPa),并使用Verasonics Vantage - 128超声系统和ATL L7 - 4换能器通过PCI或BCD监测处理进展。

结果

在FUS脉冲后6.7 ms,BCD与端胶原样本中液化的相关性优于PCI(r分别为0.75±0.22和 - 0.40±0.48)。在肌腱中,组织粉碎术在4/12个磷酸盐缓冲盐水浸泡和10/12个胶原酶浸泡的处理部位产生了明显可见的碎裂。使用BCD监测表明,碎裂在BCD中产生的回归系数幅度(|r| = 0.63±0.19)高于PCI(|r| = 0.26±0.21);然而,BCD中的回归方向不一致。

结论

与多普勒指标相关的回归趋势表明,BCD或PCI与BCD的组合可能有潜力用于监测高弹性组织中FUS诱导的碎裂。

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