Le Gal Camille, Schipper Mireille C, Lecorguillé Marion, Pavicic Laura, Simeon Thierry, Charles Marie-Aline, Gaillard Romy, Lioret Sandrine, Heude Barbara
Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France.
Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Pediatr Obes. 2025 Nov;20(11):e70047. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.70047. Epub 2025 Aug 5.
In high-income countries, children born to parents with low socio-economic position (SEP) or with non-Western ethnicity are disproportionally affected by obesity as early as preschool age. We assessed how much of these associations were mediated by parental lifestyle and BMI patterns during pregnancy. We characterised 5-6 years old children with or without overweight from the French Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE) (n = 8584) and the Dutch Generation R birth cohorts (n = 6511). We used counterfactual mediation analyses to assess the potential mediating effect of previously identified lifestyle patterns: "high parental smoking, poor-quality maternal diet and sedentary behaviour" and "high parental body mass index and low gestational weight gain". Both patterns jointly mediated 62.8% of the association between parents' education level and childhood overweight in ELFE and 23.2% in Generation R. In Generation R, they jointly mediated 8.9% of the association between parents' geographic origin and childhood overweight. In ELFE, parents with non-Western backgrounds were less likely to follow the first pattern, resulting in a negative indirect effect. Parental lifestyle and BMI patterns during pregnancy seem key contributors to the early development of socio-economic inequalities in childhood overweight, while other yet unidentified factors may contribute to inequalities related to geographic origin.
在高收入国家，父母社会经济地位低下（SEP）或具有非西方族裔的儿童早在学龄前就受到肥胖的影响尤为严重。我们评估了这些关联中有多少是由孕期父母的生活方式和体重指数模式介导的。我们对来自法国儿童纵向研究（ELFE）（n = 8584）和荷兰Generation R出生队列（n = 6511）中5至6岁超重或不超重的儿童进行了特征分析。我们使用反事实中介分析来评估先前确定的生活方式模式的潜在中介作用：“父母吸烟率高、母亲饮食质量差和久坐行为”以及“父母体重指数高和孕期体重增加低”。这两种模式共同介导了ELFE中父母教育水平与儿童超重之间关联的62.8%，以及Generation R中的23.2%。在Generation R中，它们共同介导了父母地理来源与儿童超重之间关联的8.9%。在ELFE中，具有非西方背景的父母不太可能遵循第一种模式，从而产生负面间接影响。孕期父母的生活方式和体重指数模式似乎是儿童超重中社会经济不平等早期发展的关键因素，而其他尚未确定的因素可能导致与地理来源相关的不平等。
