in Europe: The Past, Current Status, and Future Challenges-A Systematic Review.

is a prominent tick vector responsible for transmitting various pathogens, including the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), across Europe. This systematic review consolidates findings from 144 publications regarding the geographical distribution of and its associated pathogens. Significant populations have been identified primarily in Southern Europe and Balkan Peninsula, indicating a concerning trend. Additionally, climate change and migratory bird movements may facilitate its further dispersal, potentially leading to the establishment of in transalpine regions. Consequently, robust monitoring and surveillance strategies are essential to mitigate the public health and livestock threats posed by -borne diseases. Raising awareness and implementing preventive measures will be crucial in addressing the challenges associated with this tick vector.