Akbar Fazli, Guo Yong, Wu Jieling, Huang Zhenlie
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Children's Health Care, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
Iran J Public Health. 2025 May;54(5):1014-1023. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v54i5.18636.
We aimed to assess the prevalence of serum Vitamin A and D status and their potential association with neuropsychological development outcomes in Southern China.
A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted in Guangzhou, China, with 4,206 children aged 4 to 24 months between 2018 and 2020. Data from the hospital's electronic database included serum levels of Vitamin A and D, along with neuropsychological outcomes. Linear regression model was used to assess the association between serum Vitamin A and D status and neuropsychological outcomes, while multiple binary logistic regression model was applied to determine the association of these Vitamins' levels with different neuropsychological developmental delays, adjusting for age, gender, and other potential confounders.
Overall, 12.7% of children were found to be deficient in Vitamin A, while 2.5% were deficient in Vitamin D. Marginal Vitamin A deficiency (MVAD) was prevalent in 58.5% of the children, and 19.4% exhibited Vitamin D insufficiency (VDI). Neuropsychological developmental delays were observed in 7.7% to 16.8% of the children across various domains. However, there were no significant differences in neuropsychological outcomes among children with varying Vitamin A and D statuses (-value>0.05). Even after adjusting for potential confounders, the association between Vitamin A and D levels and neuropsychological development outcomes remained statistically non-significant.
Our study reveals a higher prevalence of VAD and MVAD in children than VDD and VDI. However, neither Vitamin A nor Vitamin D status showed a significant association with neuropsychological development outcomes in early childhood.
我们旨在评估中国南方血清维生素A和D的状况及其与神经心理发育结果的潜在关联。
在中国广州进行了一项基于医院的回顾性研究，研究对象为2018年至2020年间4至24个月大的4206名儿童。医院电子数据库中的数据包括血清维生素A和D水平以及神经心理结果。使用线性回归模型评估血清维生素A和D状况与神经心理结果之间的关联，同时应用多元二元逻辑回归模型确定这些维生素水平与不同神经心理发育迟缓之间的关联，并对年龄、性别和其他潜在混杂因素进行校正。
总体而言，发现12.7%的儿童维生素A缺乏，2.5%的儿童维生素D缺乏。58.5%的儿童存在边缘性维生素A缺乏（MVAD），19.4%的儿童表现为维生素D不足（VDI）。各个领域有7.7%至16.8%的儿童存在神经心理发育迟缓。然而，不同维生素A和D状况的儿童在神经心理结果方面没有显著差异（P值>0.05）。即使在对潜在混杂因素进行校正后，维生素A和D水平与神经心理发育结果之间的关联在统计学上仍不显著。
我们的研究表明，儿童中维生素A缺乏和边缘性维生素A缺乏的患病率高于维生素D缺乏和维生素D不足。然而，维生素A和D状况均与幼儿期神经心理发育结果无显著关联。
