Sánchez-Moncayo M Rosa, Menacho Inmaculada, Ramiro Pedro, Navarro José I
Junta de Andalucia, Cadiz, Spain.
Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jul 22;16:1617755. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1617755. eCollection 2025.
Perfectionism is understood as a psychological construct that can either facilitate excellence in various areas of life or lead to maladaptation when not properly managed. Although numerous studies exist on perfectionism and high abilities, this relationship still has many unresolved scientific questions, especially regarding the emotional development of individuals.
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between perfectionism and psychological well-being in 103 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with either high intellectual abilities or average intellectual capacity. Subgroups were established based on different age ranges to compare the relationships between perfectionism and psychological well-being throughout adolescence.
The results showed statistically significant differences in the mean levels of perfectionism according to the subjects' intellectual abilities, with the mean being higher in the high intellectual ability groups. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between perfectionism and psychological well-being in any of the groups, regardless of intellectual capacity or age. Although adaptive perfectionism was more common in adolescents with high abilities, this did not necessarily translate into higher levels of psychological well-being.
The study highlights the complex relationship between high intellectual ability (HIA) and perfectionism, distinguishing between adaptive and maladaptive forms. While HIA adolescents show higher perfectionism levels, their psychological well-being remains comparable to peers. Findings emphasize the role of educational and cultural contexts, urging tailored interventions to foster adaptive perfectionism and mitigate its negative effects.
完美主义被理解为一种心理结构，它既可以促进生活各个领域的卓越表现，也可能在管理不善时导致适应不良。尽管已有大量关于完美主义和高能力的研究，但这种关系仍存在许多未解决的科学问题，尤其是在个体的情感发展方面。
本研究旨在分析103名年龄在12至17岁之间、具有高智力或中等智力水平的青少年中完美主义与心理健康之间的关系。根据不同年龄范围划分亚组，以比较整个青春期完美主义与心理健康之间的关系。
结果显示，根据受试者的智力水平，完美主义的平均水平存在统计学上的显著差异，高智力能力组的平均值更高。然而，在任何组中，无论智力水平或年龄如何，完美主义与心理健康之间均无统计学上的显著相关性。尽管适应性完美主义在高能力青少年中更为常见，但这并不一定转化为更高水平的心理健康。
该研究突出了高智力能力（HIA）与完美主义之间的复杂关系，区分了适应性和适应不良的形式。虽然高智力能力的青少年表现出更高的完美主义水平，但他们的心理健康与同龄人相当。研究结果强调了教育和文化背景的作用，敦促采取针对性干预措施，以培养适应性完美主义并减轻其负面影响。
