Espenica Stefano, Bellamy Edward, Hilton Shauna, Bianco Carlo, Leeming Gail, Procter Hanna, Valls Sanchez Ferran
DWR Veterinary Specialists, part of Linnaeus Veterinary Limited, Cambridgeshire, UK.
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
JFMS Open Rep. 2025 Aug 4;11(2):20551169251347078. doi: 10.1177/20551169251347078. eCollection 2025 Jul-Dec.
A 3-year 10-month-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat was presented for subacute progressive hyporexia, vomiting and lethargy. On presentation, the cat was dyspnoeic, and venous blood gas analysis revealed metabolic acidosis, hypercalcaemia (both total and ionised), hyperlactaemia and hyperglycaemia. Physical examination identified a 2 × 3 cm crusted cutaneous lesion on the cranium, reduced mentation, mild tachycardia, harsh bronchovesicular sounds and approximately 5% dehydration. Owing to welfare concerns, the owners elected euthanasia. Post-mortem examination revealed moderate autolytic changes. The organs most affected by vascular lesions included the heart, brain, kidneys, liver and pancreas. Histopathology revealed mild to severe multifocal intraluminal and mural proliferations of atypical endothelial cells, accompanied by multifocal thrombosis and mild perivascular oedema. Immunohistochemistry showed that the proliferating cells were negative for alpha-smooth muscle actin, and quantitative PCR for species was also negative. However, 50% of the proliferating cells were positive for factor VIII. These findings supported a diagnosis of feline systemic reactive angioendotheliomatosis.
In the authors' opinion, this case contributes to the growing body of literature on this rare condition and raises the possibility of an association with hypercalcaemia.
一只3岁10个月大已绝育的雌性家养短毛猫因亚急性进行性食欲减退、呕吐和嗜睡前来就诊。就诊时，该猫呼吸困难，静脉血气分析显示代谢性酸中毒、高钙血症（总钙和离子钙均升高）、高乳酸血症和高血糖症。体格检查发现颅骨上有一个2×3厘米的结痂性皮肤病变，精神状态减退，轻度心动过速，粗糙的支气管肺泡呼吸音，以及约5%的脱水。出于福利考虑，主人选择了安乐死。尸检显示有中度自溶变化。受血管病变影响最严重的器官包括心脏、大脑、肾脏、肝脏和胰腺。组织病理学显示非典型内皮细胞有轻度至重度多灶性管腔内和壁内增生，伴有多灶性血栓形成和轻度血管周围水肿。免疫组织化学显示增生细胞α-平滑肌肌动蛋白呈阴性，针对该物种的定量聚合酶链反应也呈阴性。然而，50%的增生细胞因子VIII呈阳性。这些发现支持猫全身性反应性血管内皮瘤病的诊断。
作者认为，该病例为关于这种罕见疾病的不断增加的文献做出了贡献，并提出了与高钙血症相关的可能性。
