de Souza Lucas Petitemberte, Nunes Leandro Silva, Salvi Luana Carla, Gonçalves Laís Dos Santos, Reis Luana Ferreira Viana Dos, Acosta Izani Bonel, Corcini Carine Dahl, Junior Antonio Sergio Varela, Barreto Fábio Gularte, Vieira Marcelo Brandi, Silveira Diego Corrêa, Vieira Jeaniffer Melgarejo, Ilha Gustavo Freitas, Domingues William Borges, Campos Vinicius Farias
Laboratório de Genômica Estrutural, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.
Mol Reprod Dev. 2025 Aug;92(8):e70045. doi: 10.1002/mrd.70045.
Cattle represents one of the most common and widely distributed categories of large ruminants, with well-established production practices. Fertility is a key factor that significantly influences the success of this production. Studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) present in sperm cells play a crucial role as regulators of processes related to sperm functionality. miRNAs quantification by qPCR is one of the most accurate and straightforward methods, but this technique requires data normalization, and there is no universal consensus on which miRNAs should be used. The present study aimed to identify suitable miRNAs normalizers for qPCR analysis of Bos taurus semen. To achieve this, normalization candidates were assessed under different semen quality conditions, considering sperm morphology and motility. A small nuclear RNA (U6) and six miRNA candidates (Let-7c-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-25-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-204-5p, miR-92a-3p) were selected. The expression stability of each candidate was analyzed using four independent methods (delta Ct, geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper), under the semen quality conditions. Additionally, a comprehensive stability analysis was conducted using RefFinder, for each condition individually and for the combined conditions. The results indicated that miR-92a-3p was the most stable reference miRNA for motility-related analyses, while Let-7c-5p emerged as the best candidate for morphology-focused analyses. As a normalizer to analyze samples concomitantly, Let-7c-5p was identified as the optimal normalizer, while miR-26a-5p was the least stable candidate. This study provides the first identification of miRNA normalizers for qPCR analysis of Bos taurus semen, enabling more accurate miRNA quantification in this biological matrix and species.
牛是最常见且分布广泛的大型反刍动物类别之一,其生产实践已成熟。繁殖力是显著影响该生产成功与否的关键因素。研究表明,精子细胞中存在的微小RNA(miRNA)作为与精子功能相关过程的调节因子发挥着关键作用。通过定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)对miRNA进行定量是最准确、直接的方法之一,但该技术需要数据归一化,且对于应使用哪些miRNA尚无普遍共识。本研究旨在确定用于牛精液qPCR分析的合适miRNA标准化物。为实现这一目标,在考虑精子形态和活力的不同精液质量条件下评估了标准化候选物。选择了一种小核RNA(U6)和六个miRNA候选物(Let-7c-5p、miR-100-5p、miR-25-3p、miR-26a-5p、miR-204-5p、miR-92a-3p)。在精液质量条件下,使用四种独立方法(ΔCt、geNorm、NormFinder和BestKeeper)分析每个候选物的表达稳定性。此外,使用RefFinder针对每个条件单独以及综合条件进行了全面的稳定性分析。结果表明,miR-92a-3p是与活力相关分析中最稳定的参考miRNA,而Let-7c-5p是形态学重点分析的最佳候选物。作为同时分析样本的标准化物,Let-7c-5p被确定为最佳标准化物,而miR-26a-5p是最不稳定的候选物。本研究首次确定了用于牛精液qPCR分析的miRNA标准化物,能够在这种生物基质和物种中更准确地对miRNA进行定量。
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