Uhlig Johannes, Kroencke Thomas, Kim Hyun S
Department of Clinical and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2025 Aug 6. doi: 10.1007/s00270-025-04143-2.
Retrospective clinical studies are critical in interventional oncology (IO), offering insights by analyzing existing data. They are cost-effective, time-efficient, and invaluable for exploring real-world treatment trends, long-term effects, and rare diseases. Retrospective studies provide critical support for hypothesis generation, post-marketing surveillance, and addressing ethically or logistically challenging questions unsuitable for prospective or randomized controlled trials (RCTs). To maximize their utility, retrospective studies must ensure robust data quality, clear objectives, advanced statistical methods, and transparency. Despite challenges like biases and limited causal inference, their ability to complement RCTs and other types of prospective trials help to close crucial gaps in evidence generation, which makes them indispensable for research in the rapidly evolving field of interventional oncology.
回顾性临床研究在介入肿瘤学（IO）中至关重要，通过分析现有数据提供见解。它们具有成本效益、省时高效，对于探索真实世界的治疗趋势、长期影响和罕见疾病非常宝贵。回顾性研究为假设生成、上市后监测以及解决不适合前瞻性或随机对照试验（RCT）的伦理或后勤方面具有挑战性的问题提供了关键支持。为了最大限度地发挥其效用，回顾性研究必须确保强大的数据质量、明确的目标、先进的统计方法和透明度。尽管存在偏倚和因果推断有限等挑战，但它们补充RCT和其他类型前瞻性试验的能力有助于弥合证据生成中的关键差距，这使得它们在快速发展的介入肿瘤学领域的研究中不可或缺。
