Kalantarion Masomeh, Heidari Mehrsa, Khajeali Nasrin, Khorrami Zahra, Amini Mitra
Department of Medical Education, School of Medical Education and Learning Technologies, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2025 Jul 4;14:234. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_2071_23. eCollection 2025.
Artificial intelligence (AI) plays a significant role in improving the quality of medical education. This study aimed to investigate the application of AI in medical education. A systematic review was conducted of all educational intervention studies in medical courses from January 1986 to 2023. Of the 16755 studies initially identified by our search, 7387 remained after removing duplicates. After that, 6205 studies were excluded for the title and abstract screening. Then, 15 full-text articles were included in our final review. The following keywords were used: artificial intelligence, machine intelligence, medical education, medical teaching, precision medical teaching, and precision medical education. A total of 16745 articles were identified from ISI, PubMed, Scopus, and Educational Resources and Information Center (ERIC) databases. Fourteen studies met the eligibility criteria. The quality of the included articles was appraised by the best evidence medical education (BEME) review of the education portfolio. PICO consists of = medical student, I: use of AI, C = do not use AI, and I = enhance health professions students' knowledge, attitudes, and skills. The included studies were synthesized and categorized according to the Kirkpatrick model. Educational intervention outcomes were categorized into three parts: improvement in learners' knowledge (N = 6 studies); enhancement of students' attitudes (N = 3 studies); and acquisition of learners' skills (N = 10 studies). The reviewed studies examined the impact of AI and virtual reality on enhancing health profession students' knowledge, attitudes, and skills. However, more research is still needed on integrating AI into diverse curriculum models and sustaining AI's role in real-world education systems.
人工智能（AI）在提高医学教育质量方面发挥着重要作用。本研究旨在探讨人工智能在医学教育中的应用。我们对1986年1月至2023年期间医学课程中的所有教育干预研究进行了系统综述。在我们检索最初识别出的16755项研究中，去除重复项后还剩下7387项。之后，有6205项研究因标题和摘要筛选被排除。然后，15篇全文文章被纳入我们的最终综述。使用了以下关键词：人工智能、机器智能、医学教育、医学教学、精准医学教学和精准医学教育。从ISI、PubMed、Scopus和教育资源与信息中心（ERIC）数据库中总共识别出16745篇文章。14项研究符合纳入标准。纳入文章的质量通过教育组合的最佳证据医学教育（BEME）综述进行评估。PICO包括：P = 医学生，I：使用人工智能，C = 不使用人工智能，O = 增强健康专业学生的知识、态度和技能。纳入的研究根据柯克帕特里克模型进行综合和分类。教育干预结果分为三个部分：学习者知识的提高（n = 6项研究）；学生态度的增强（n = 3项研究）；学习者技能的获得（n = 10项研究）。综述研究考察了人工智能和虚拟现实对增强健康专业学生知识、态度和技能的影响。然而，在将人工智能整合到不同的课程模式以及维持人工智能在现实世界教育系统中的作用方面，仍需要更多的研究。
