Najafi Esmail, Nejad Mohammad Esmaeil Masinaei, Bazyar Hadi, Moghaddam Hamed Rezakhani, Nasiri Khadijeh, Aghamohammadi Vahideh, Bastanifar Elyas, Javadi Sara
Department of Public Health, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran.
Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2025 Jul 4;14:258. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_180_24. eCollection 2025.
The administration of barberry extract and saffron to pregnant mice has been reported to cause abnormalities in fetus development. Given the high cultivation of barberry and saffron in Qayenat, we aimed to investigate the association of the maternal use of barberry, saffron, pickled vegetables, and tea during gestation with Congenital Anomalies (CA) in Qayenat City, South Khorasan Province.
The present case-control study was done on 150 patients under 10 years of age with CA (case group) and 150 healthy children that were selected for each case, with the same age (±2 months) and sex, from the same town (control group) between March and May 2023. In this study, participants were included using convenient sampling in a consecutive manner. To control the possible confounding factors, and to identify independent risk factors for CA, multivariate logistic regression, adjusted odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were carried out for this study.
More than 3 times pickled vegetable consumption in the week was also associated with an increased risk of CA (OR = 5.09; 95% CI: 1.66-15.55). More daily intake of barberry (more than a tablespoon) was associated with higher odds of CA (OR = 9.23; 95% CI: 3.42-24.90). There was no significant association between CA and daily intake of saffron ( ≥ 0.05). Five and more than five cups of tea per day had a positive significant association with CA (OR = 3.21; 95% CI: 1.05-10.80).
In the present study, we found that maternal use of barberry, pickled vegetables, and tea during pregnancy were positively related to the odds of CA. Further detailed studies to determine the teratogenicity mechanism of these factors are recommended.
据报道，给怀孕小鼠服用伏牛花提取物和藏红花会导致胎儿发育异常。鉴于卡耶纳特地区伏牛花和藏红花的种植量很大，我们旨在调查克尔曼沙阿省卡耶纳特市孕妇在孕期食用伏牛花、藏红花、泡菜和茶与先天性异常（CA）之间的关联。
本病例对照研究于2023年3月至5月对150名10岁以下患有先天性异常的患者（病例组）和150名健康儿童（对照组）进行，对照组儿童与病例组儿童年龄相同（±2个月）、性别相同，且来自同一城镇。在本研究中，采用方便抽样的方法连续纳入参与者。为了控制可能的混杂因素，并确定先天性异常的独立危险因素，本研究进行了多因素逻辑回归分析、调整后的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
每周食用泡菜超过3次也与先天性异常风险增加有关（OR = 5.09；95% CI：1.66 - 15.55）。每天摄入伏牛花超过一大汤匙与先天性异常的较高几率有关（OR = 9.23；95% CI：3.42 - 24.90）。先天性异常与藏红花的每日摄入量之间无显著关联（≥0.05）。每天饮用5杯及以上的茶与先天性异常呈显著正相关（OR = 3.21；95% CI：1.05 - 10.80）。
在本研究中，我们发现孕妇在孕期食用伏牛花、泡菜和茶与先天性异常几率呈正相关。建议进一步开展详细研究以确定这些因素的致畸机制。
