Lucio's Phenomenon in Hansen's Disease: A Case Report of a Condition Not to Be Forgotten.

Leprosy is a chronic infectious and granulomatous disease that occurs predominantly in tropical regions, primarily affecting the skin, mucous membranes, and peripheral nervous system. It is caused by  and . It is characterized by hypopigmented lesions, sensory disturbances, absence of hair in the affected area, and anhidrosis, although some of these manifestations may not be initially present. Leprosy remains a public health challenge due to its wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and leprosy-related reactions. It is a potentially curable disease, especially since the introduction of multidrug therapy (MDT) as the standard treatment, provided that diagnosis and treatment are initiated early. Lucio's phenomenon is a rare leprosy reaction characterized by extensive necrotic skin lesions and multisystem involvement, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Its treatment remains challenging. Currently, the recommended therapy includes the initiation of MDT-comprising dapsone, clofazimine, and rifampicin-combined with systemic corticosteroids and specialized wound care. In cases of secondary bacterial infection, the use of antibiotics is advised based on local epidemiological data. We present the case of a patient with Lucio's phenomenon who was treated with combined MDT and systemic corticosteroids, resulting in significant clinical improvement.