Liu Linjie, Sun Fei, Ren Jianhua, Chen Weijin, Zheng Yue
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Rep Prog Phys. 2025 Sep 5;88(9). doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/adf8fe.
Since 2009, magnetic skyrmions have been identified in diverse materials, attracting interest for their small size, intriguing emergent physics and new device concepts. Over the years, the interplay between deformation and dynamics has been an important topic of magnetic textures, with well-known phenomena like Döring mass, domain wall Walker breakdown and vortex oscillations. This topic is being extended to magnetic skyrmions and is critical for their practical applications. While topological invariance is preserved under continuous deformation, magnetic skyrmions display rich and complex deformation modes, including variations in size, shape, and helicity, which significantly impact their dynamics. These deformations challenge both theoretical and experimental efforts but offer opportunities for 'deformation engineering' strategies aimed at optimizing device performance and discovering new functionalities. In this review, we summarize the recent research progresses on magnetic skyrmion dynamics under steady and time-varying deformation. It begins with an introduction on the basic concepts of magnetic skyrmions and analytical descriptions of skyrmion deformation. Subsequently, theoretical and experimental methods for the study of magnetic skyrmion dynamics under deformation are introduced. The characteristics and influencing factors of various deformation modes (including steady and time-varying modes) of magnetic skyrmions are discussed. Finally, we discuss the device applications and open questions related to magnetic skyrmions beyond rigid particles.
自2009年以来，人们已在多种材料中发现了磁性斯格明子，其因其尺寸小、引人入胜的新兴物理学特性和新的器件概念而备受关注。多年来，形变与动力学之间的相互作用一直是磁性织构的一个重要课题，存在诸如多林质量、畴壁沃克击穿和涡旋振荡等知名现象。这一课题正在扩展到磁性斯格明子领域，并且对其实际应用至关重要。虽然拓扑不变性在连续形变下得以保持，但磁性斯格明子展现出丰富而复杂的形变模式，包括尺寸、形状和螺旋度的变化，这对其动力学有显著影响。这些形变给理论和实验研究带来了挑战，但也为旨在优化器件性能和发现新功能的“形变工程”策略提供了机遇。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在稳态和时变形变下磁性斯格明子动力学的最新研究进展。文章首先介绍了磁性斯格明子的基本概念以及斯格明子形变的解析描述。随后，介绍了研究形变下磁性斯格明子动力学的理论和实验方法。讨论了磁性斯格明子各种形变模式（包括稳态和时变模式）的特性及影响因素。最后，我们讨论了与非刚性粒子磁性斯格明子相关的器件应用及悬而未决的问题。
