Cohen B L
Health Phys. 1985 Dec;49(6):1053-9.
Radon concentrations averaged over 1 yr were measured in 169 homes selected without regard to factors known to influence Rn levels. The average level was 6.3 pCi/l in basements, 2.4 pCi/l on first floors, and 2.0 pCi/l on second floors; medians were considerably smaller, 2.6, 1.20, and 0.95 pCi/l, respectively. Distributions deviate considerably from log normal in having an excess of very large values and a deficiency of very low values. Levels in upper floors were somewhat lower where the basement was isolated by closed doors than where it was not. Drafty houses had lower Rn levels than less drafty ones. Houses exposed to wind had higher levels than those well sheltered from wind. There was little correlation between Rn concentration and age of the house, indicating that Rn exposures may not have changed appreciably during the past 50 yr; this is important for estimating risks of Rn-induced lung cancer. Houses with forced air heating systems seemed to have higher Rn levels in the upper floors than those with steam or hot water heat. No strong correlations were found between Rn levels and cooking with natural gas, or river vs well-water supplies.
在169所未考虑已知会影响氡水平因素的房屋中，测量了1年期间的平均氡浓度。地下室的平均水平为6.3皮居里/升，一楼为2.4皮居里/升，二楼为2.0皮居里/升；中位数则小得多，分别为2.6、1.20和0.95皮居里/升。分布与对数正态分布有很大偏差，有过多的极高值和过少的极低值。当地下室通过关闭的门与楼上隔离开时，楼上的氡水平比未隔离时略低。通风良好的房屋氡水平低于通风较差的房屋。暴露在风中的房屋氡水平高于避风良好的房屋。氡浓度与房屋年龄之间几乎没有相关性，这表明在过去50年中氡暴露可能没有明显变化；这对于估计氡诱发肺癌的风险很重要。配备强制空气加热系统的房屋在楼上的氡水平似乎高于配备蒸汽或热水加热系统的房屋。未发现氡水平与使用天然气烹饪或河水与井水供应之间有很强的相关性。
