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基于由两个圆环谐振器阵列组成的太赫兹石墨烯集成超材料的频率复用可调谐逻辑器件。

Frequency-multiplexed tunable logic device based on terahertz graphene-integrated metamaterial composed of two circular ring resonator array.

作者信息

Asgari Somayyeh, Fabritius Tapio

机构信息

Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 7;15(1):28920. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-14311-6.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-14311-6
PMID:40775440
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12331931/
Abstract

This paper presents a novel terahertz (THz) graphene-based tunable metamaterial that operates as a frequency-multiplexed logic device. The structure consists of a gold layer, a dielectric substrate, and an array of graphene resonators formed by two circular ring resonators per unit cell. The metamaterial is simulated and designed in CST Software. The equivalent circuit model (ECM) for the metamaterial is obtained using MATLAB code. Logical input values are set by adjusting the Fermi levels of graphene-based circular resonators, while output logic states are determined by analyzing the reflection spectrum. The proposed device operates within the THz range, enabling the realization of OR, XNOR, and NAND logic gates at three distinct frequencies. Additionally, the working frequencies of these gates can be tuned by modifying the graphene's Fermi level. The highest extinction ratios (ERs) achieved for the OR, XNOR, and NAND gates are 36.93, 65.66, and 22.38 dB, respectively. Owing to its simple design and versatility, this metamaterial shows strong potential for use in THz digital systems.

摘要

本文提出了一种新型的基于太赫兹（THz）石墨烯的可调谐超材料，它作为一种频率复用逻辑器件工作。该结构由一层金、一个介质基板以及由每个单元胞中的两个圆环谐振器形成的石墨烯谐振器阵列组成。该超材料在CST软件中进行了模拟和设计。使用MATLAB代码获得了该超材料的等效电路模型（ECM）。通过调整基于石墨烯的圆形谐振器的费米能级来设置逻辑输入值，而通过分析反射光谱来确定输出逻辑状态。所提出的器件在太赫兹范围内工作，能够在三个不同频率下实现或门、异或非门和与非门逻辑门。此外，通过修改石墨烯的费米能级可以调整这些门的工作频率。或门、异或非门和与非门实现的最高消光比（ERs）分别为36.93、65.66和22.38 dB。由于其设计简单且通用性强，这种超材料在太赫兹数字系统中显示出强大的应用潜力。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/d43b4be9a4e7/41598_2025_14311_Fig11_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/fb7797d9eec7/41598_2025_14311_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/de0109703b88/41598_2025_14311_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/a9694e42ecd6/41598_2025_14311_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/2c1450f7d98d/41598_2025_14311_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/035bd8fd121d/41598_2025_14311_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/15355d4fb1c8/41598_2025_14311_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/f9f267e310c1/41598_2025_14311_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/e0de379eedf2/41598_2025_14311_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/9eeb14b8c495/41598_2025_14311_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/b994db331a2a/41598_2025_14311_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/d43b4be9a4e7/41598_2025_14311_Fig11_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/fb7797d9eec7/41598_2025_14311_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/de0109703b88/41598_2025_14311_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/a9694e42ecd6/41598_2025_14311_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/2c1450f7d98d/41598_2025_14311_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/035bd8fd121d/41598_2025_14311_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/15355d4fb1c8/41598_2025_14311_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/f9f267e310c1/41598_2025_14311_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/e0de379eedf2/41598_2025_14311_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/9eeb14b8c495/41598_2025_14311_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/b994db331a2a/41598_2025_14311_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7361/12331931/d43b4be9a4e7/41598_2025_14311_Fig11_HTML.jpg

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