Paris J
J Am Acad Psychoanal. 1985 Oct;13(4):505-10. doi: 10.1521/jaap.1.1985.13.4.505.
Personal boundaries are essential for psychological stability. In psychopathology, they may be too porous, as in the case of borderline personalities, or too rigid, as in the case of narcissistic and paranoid personalities. A developmental model which could explain abnormal boundaries would postulate neglect producing porous boundaries, and intrusiveness producing rigid boundaries. Case material is presented in which patients with narcissistic personality traits had grown up with an intrusive, controlling mother, and without a father to provide a buffer. This led to an inability to tolerate intimacy in adult relationships. The transference of both patients reflected their extreme sensitivity to impingement on their boundaries. Such patients suffer from inner emptiness because of their inability to incorporate positive experiences.
个人边界对于心理稳定至关重要。在精神病理学中，它们可能过于通透，如边缘型人格的情况；或者过于僵化，如自恋型和偏执型人格的情况。一个能够解释异常边界的发展模型会假定，忽视会导致通透的边界，而侵扰会导致僵化的边界。文中呈现了一些案例材料，其中具有自恋型人格特质的患者在成长过程中，母亲具有侵扰性且控制欲强，同时没有父亲起到缓冲作用。这导致他们在成年关系中无法容忍亲密感。两位患者的移情都反映出他们对自身边界受到侵犯极度敏感。这类患者由于无法融入积极体验而内心空虚。
