Lycopene as a potential anticancer agent: Current evidence on synergism, drug delivery systems and epidemiology (Review).

Plant-derived natural compounds are an important source of anticancer drugs. Lycopene, commonly referred to as 'plant gold', is a powerful antioxidant with multiple health benefits. It may be associated with a reduction in the morbidity and mortality of several types of cancer, making it a promising anticancer agent. The present review summarizes the synergistic effects of lycopene as a dietary supplement with other chemotherapy drugs or nutrients, for the enhancement of anticancer effects or the reduction of side effects from chemotherapy drugs. Moreover, due to its low water solubility, the development of novel drug delivery systems may improve the bioavailability of lycopene. By summarizing epidemiological research, the present review highlights the current clinical research status and limitations of lycopene, with the aim to provide useful information and guidance for future research on the anticancer effects of lycopene.