Younas Zohaib, Fatima Laiba, Ahmad Ilyas, Mashwani Zia-Ur-Rehman
Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300 Pakistan.
Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, 44010 Pakistan.
3 Biotech. 2025 Sep;15(9):280. doi: 10.1007/s13205-025-04428-w. Epub 2025 Aug 5.
The present study investigated the hormetic effect of Cobalt-60 (Co) gamma irradiation treatment and zinc-selenium nanocomposites on two canola ( L.) varieties. Zinc-Selenium nanocomposites (Zn-Se NCs) was synthesized from and extracts and characterized through UV-visible spectroscopy (peak absorbance at 295 nm), FTIR (13 functional group peaks acting as capping/stabilizing agents), SEM (spherical morphology, 164 nm average size), and zeta-potential (-32.9 mV). (RCBD, three replications) evaluated the combined A factorial experiment (RCBD, three replications) evaluated the combined effects on physico-morphological traits, antioxidant activities, and fatty acids compositions. The combined application of (Co) irradiation and Zn-Se NCs significantly enhanced plant height, leaf area, fruit pod number, and 100-seed weight in canola. The Zn-Se NCs treatments alone increased stem diameter and number of leaves/plants more significantly than irradiation and Zn-Se NCs combined effects. Treatment with Co at Gy-20 and Zn-Se NCs at 75 and 100 mg/L increased Chl a, Chl b, and total chlorophyll content by 43%, 66%, and 46%, respectively. Plants exposed to irradiation and Zn-Se NCs had little impact on total carotenoid content, relative water content, and membrane stability index. Antioxidant enzymes activities rose significantly under combined irradiation (Gy-10) and Zn-Se NCs (75-100 mg/L) for SOD (79%), POD (208%) and CAT (119%) as compared to the control. At 50 mg/L, Zn-Se NCs boosted DPPH (31%, Gy-20) and ABTS (29%, Gy-10) in both Canola-Super8 and NARC-Sarson. Furthermore, (Co) irradiation and Zn-Se NCs substantially enhanced percentages of oil, protein, oleic acid and linolenic acid compared to control plants. Canola-Super8 seeds treated with Gy-30 irradiation significantly reduced glucosinolates to 13.15 μg/mol, addressing key anti-nutritional factors. These finding highlights the potential of cobalt-60 (Co) irradiation and Zn-Se NCs as sustainable tools for canola biofortification, offering a novel strategy to simultaneously boost crop productivity and seed quality.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04428-w.
本研究调查了钴-60（Co）γ射线辐照处理和锌-硒纳米复合材料对两种油菜（L.）品种的 hormetic 效应。锌-硒纳米复合材料（Zn-Se NCs）由提取物合成，并通过紫外可见光谱（295nm 处的峰值吸光度）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（13 个官能团峰作为封端/稳定剂）、扫描电子显微镜（球形形态，平均尺寸 164nm）和ζ电位（-32.9mV）进行表征。一项析因实验（随机区组设计，三次重复）评估了其对油菜物理形态特征、抗氧化活性和脂肪酸组成的综合影响。（Co）辐照和 Zn-Se NCs 的联合应用显著提高了油菜的株高、叶面积、果荚数和百粒重。单独使用 Zn-Se NCs 处理对茎直径和单株叶片数的增加比辐照和 Zn-Se NCs 的联合效应更显著。在 20Gy 的 Co 处理和 75mg/L 及 100mg/L 的 Zn-Se NCs 处理下，叶绿素 a、叶绿素 b 和总叶绿素含量分别增加了 43%、66%和 46%。接受辐照和 Zn-Se NCs 处理的植株对总类胡萝卜素含量、相对含水量和膜稳定性指数影响较小。与对照相比，在联合辐照（10Gy）和 Zn-Se NCs（75 - 100mg/L）处理下，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）（79%）、过氧化物酶（POD）（208%）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）（119%）的抗氧化酶活性显著提高。在 50mg/L 时，Zn-Se NCs 在 Canola-Super8 和 NARC-Sarson 中均提高了 DPPH（20Gy 时为 31%）和 ABTS（10Gy 时为 29%）。此外，与对照植株相比，（Co）辐照和 Zn-Se NCs 显著提高了油、蛋白质、油酸和亚麻酸的百分比。用 30Gy 辐照处理的 Canola-Super8 种子显著降低了硫代葡萄糖苷含量至 13.15μg/mol，解决了关键的抗营养因子问题。这些发现突出了钴-60（Co）辐照和 Zn-Se NCs 作为油菜生物强化可持续工具的潜力，提供了一种同时提高作物产量和种子质量的新策略。
在线版本包含可在 10.1007/s13205-025-04428-w 获得的补充材料。
