Wang Qian, Hu Jiantao, Wu Tianqin, Wang Wenhao, Zhang Jie, Kim Jin-Koo, Li Chenhong
East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Shanghai China.
Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai China.
Evol Appl. 2025 Aug 6;18(8):e70142. doi: 10.1111/eva.70142. eCollection 2025 Aug.
The elongate ilisha () is an important commercial species found along the Northwestern Pacific Coast. A sharp decline in the annual catch of over recent decades implies a concerning situation regarding its fishery stocks. Nonetheless, inadequate knowledge of the genetic diversity, population structure, and historical demography of this species has hindered the establishment of sustainable fishery policies and appropriate conservation measures. In this study, the genetic structure and population demography of stocks along the Northwestern Pacific Coast were examined using target-gene enrichment data from 144 individuals collected from 18 locations. The analysis revealed an average heterozygosity value of 0.2321 across variable sites in all populations. Furthermore, inter-population differentiation is relatively low, with most geographical populations displaying minimal genetic distinctions or none from one another. Population clustering analysis identified four lineages of stocks. Through historical demography simulations, it was proposed that the Yalu River Estuary population diverged initially around 32,802 generations before present, while the remaining lineage split into two about 9120 generations ago. One lineage represents the southern population, while the other further separated into the northern population and the Japanese population approximately 4200 generations ago. Furthermore, secondary contact between the southern and northern population was evidenced by either population clustering or demography simulation results. These results underscore that the current phylogeographic patterns of may result from directional selection due to low temperature and geographic barriers during and post glacial periods.
长颌棱鳀（）是西北太平洋沿岸一种重要的商业鱼类。近几十年来，其年捕捞量急剧下降，这表明该鱼类种群状况令人担忧。然而，对该物种的遗传多样性、种群结构和历史种群动态了解不足，阻碍了可持续渔业政策的制定和适当保护措施的实施。在本研究中，利用从18个地点采集的144个个体的目标基因富集数据，对西北太平洋沿岸长颌棱鳀种群的遗传结构和种群动态进行了研究。分析显示，所有长颌棱鳀种群可变位点的平均杂合度值为0.2321。此外，种群间分化相对较低，大多数地理种群之间的遗传差异极小或没有差异。种群聚类分析确定了长颌棱鳀种群的四个谱系。通过历史种群动态模拟，提出鸭绿江口种群最初在距今约32802代前分化，而其余谱系在约9120代前分裂为两个。一个谱系代表南方种群，另一个谱系在约4200代前进一步分为北方种群和日本种群。此外，种群聚类或种群动态模拟结果都证明了南方种群和北方种群之间存在二次接触。这些结果强调，长颌棱鳀目前的系统地理格局可能是由于冰期和冰期后低温和地理屏障导致的定向选择所致。
