Antioxidant and cytokine modulation in PCOS rats protected with probiotics, myo-inositol, and herbal extracts.

This study investigated the pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and evaluated the protective effects of various treatments in immature female Wistar rats ( = 48). The rats were divided into 6 groups: Olive oil injection (negative control, G1); testosterone propionate (TP)-induced PCOS (G2); probiotic + TP (G3); myo-inositol (myo-ins) + TP (G4); extract + TP (G5); extract + TP (G6). The body weight, body weight gain, and percentage gain were measured weekly and then transformed using the base-10 logarithm (log). TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 were weekly measured using ELISA kits. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were analysed in the serum and liver extracts. The significantly reduced the TNF-α levels ( < 0.01). The probiotic and myo-ins significantly elevated the IL-10 levels ( < 0.01). Both plant extracts moderately restored the IL-10 levels. The probiotic and administration significantly reduced the IL-17 levels ( < 0.01). The administration also decreased the IL-17 levels, though the effect was less pronounced than that of . The probiotic, myo-ins, and groups exhibited enhanced CAT activity ( < 0.05). showed significant increases in the SOD and GSH-Px activities ( < 0.01), showing the most dramatic improvement. The use of these four treatments as a monotherapy in this study resulted in different changes. Therefore, further investigation is necessary to evaluate the protective effects of combining duos or trios of these treatments against this disease.