Crespo-Martínez Sara, Torres Nazareth, Loidi Maite, Miranda Carlos, Astráin Jesús, Santesteban L Gonzaga, Urrestarazu Jorge
Deparment of Agronomy, Biotechnology and Food Science, Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain.
Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Jerónimo de Ayanz, Campus Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain.
J Sci Food Agric. 2025 Nov;105(14):7913-7925. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.70050. Epub 2025 Aug 8.
OBJECTIVES/BACKGROUND: Climate change has raised concerns about the imbalance between anthocyanin and sugar levels in grapevines. High temperatures tend to reduce anthocyanin content by inhibiting its synthesis and increasing degradation, while simultaneously enhancing sugar accumulation. The application of elicitors, which promote the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, may help alleviate this imbalance.
To investigate this, a four-year field trial was conducted on Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo to assess the effects of four commercial products: two natural-based (an antioxidant-mannitol and an alginic acid-mannitol products) and two phytohormone-based (an abscisic acid and an ethephon-based products). The study evaluated the effect of these treatments on the phenyl propanoid pathway gene expression, various yield parameters, and the content of primary and secondary metabolites.
Although none of the treatments consistently increased anthocyanin levels across seasons, the results varied depending on the year. Two products influenced some parameters in specific seasons: the ethephon-based product, which influenced the anthocyanin-to-sugar ratio through the reduction of TSS and induced the expression of key anthocyanin genes, and the natural-based antioxidant-mannitol product, which transiently increased the expression of some phenylpropanoid genes.
None of the treatments increased anthocyanin levels across seasons. Ethephon (Fruitel) showed greater effectiveness under temperature stress and reduced sugar accumulation, which may be advantageous in a warming climate. Natural elicitors like antioxidant-mannitol elicitor (Vitalfit) had short-term effects on gene expression but no lasting impact on anthocyanins. Further research is needed to assess their influence on other polyphenols and their potential for commercial use. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
目的/背景：气候变化引发了人们对葡萄中花青素与糖分水平失衡的担忧。高温往往会通过抑制花青素合成和增加其降解来降低花青素含量，同时又会促进糖分积累。应用能促进花青素生物合成途径的诱导剂，可能有助于缓解这种失衡。
为对此进行研究，对酿酒葡萄品种丹魄进行了为期四年的田间试验，以评估四种商业产品的效果：两种基于天然物质的产品（一种抗氧化剂-甘露醇产品和一种海藻酸-甘露醇产品）以及两种基于植物激素的产品（一种脱落酸产品和一种乙烯利产品）。该研究评估了这些处理对苯丙烷类途径基因表达、各种产量参数以及初级和次级代谢产物含量的影响。
尽管没有一种处理能在各个季节持续提高花青素水平，但结果因年份而异。两种产品在特定季节影响了一些参数：基于乙烯利的产品通过降低总可溶性固形物（TSS）影响花青素与糖分的比例，并诱导关键花青素基因的表达；基于天然物质的抗氧化剂-甘露醇产品则短暂增加了一些苯丙烷类基因的表达。
没有一种处理能在各个季节提高花青素水平。乙烯利（Fruitel）在温度胁迫下显示出更大的效果，并减少了糖分积累，这在气候变暖的情况下可能具有优势。像抗氧化剂-甘露醇诱导剂（Vitalfit）这样的天然诱导剂对基因表达有短期影响，但对花青素没有持久影响。需要进一步研究来评估它们对其他多酚的影响及其商业应用潜力。© 2025作者。《食品与农业科学杂志》由约翰·威利父子有限公司代表化学工业协会出版。
