Kefer Joelle, De Backer Ole, Aminian Adel, Freixa Xavier, Berti Sergio, Cruz-Gonzalez Ignacio, Räber Lorenz, Wunderlich Nina, Garot Philippe, Nielsen-Kudsk Jens Erik, Behalf Of The European Left Atrial Appendage Closure Club Elaacc On
Division of Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc et Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.
The Heart Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
EuroIntervention. 2025 Aug 4;21(15):e838-e846. doi: 10.4244/EIJ-D-24-00812.
Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is increasingly used as a valuable intervention to prevent cardioembolic stroke among patients with atrial fibrillation who are poor candidates for long-term anticoagulation. The safety of the procedure has significantly improved over time; nevertheless, device embolisation remains a severe complication that still occurs in around 0.1% of cases. Its management must be rapid and effective in order to reduce mortality. The anatomical location of the embolised device dictates the technical approach for retrieval and has a major impact on the clinical outcome of patients. Percutaneous recapture is the main approach in case of an aortic or left atrial embolisation, while emergent surgery should be performed if the device becomes entangled in the mitral apparatus with poor haemodynamics unsolved by transcatheter device mobilisation into the left ventricular (LV) cavity. In cases of LV embolisation and stable haemodynamics, a transfemoral or transseptal retrieval may be attempted. The equipment for retrieval is key to success: all cath labs performing LAAC procedures should be equipped with minimum 16 Fr sheaths, steerable sheaths, single-loop snares and grasping tool devices. This paper includes a summary of the European Left Atrial Appendage Closure Club consensus recommendations for LAAC device embolisation management.
经皮左心耳封堵术(LAAC)越来越多地被用作一种有价值的干预措施,用于预防长期抗凝治疗效果不佳的房颤患者发生心源性栓塞性卒中。随着时间的推移,该手术的安全性有了显著提高;然而,器械栓塞仍然是一种严重的并发症,仍有大约0.1%的病例会发生。为降低死亡率,对其处理必须迅速且有效。栓塞器械的解剖位置决定了取出的技术方法,并对患者的临床结局有重大影响。对于主动脉或左心房栓塞,经皮回收是主要方法;而如果器械卡在二尖瓣装置中,经导管将器械移动到左心室(LV)腔也无法解决血流动力学不良问题,则应进行急诊手术。对于左心室栓塞且血流动力学稳定的情况,可以尝试经股静脉或经房间隔取出。取出设备是成功的关键:所有进行LAAC手术的导管室都应至少配备16F鞘管、可操控鞘管、单环圈套器和抓取工具装置。本文总结了欧洲左心耳封堵俱乐部关于LAAC器械栓塞处理的共识建议。