Ringelberg J A
J Biomech. 1985;18(12):939-47. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(85)90037-5.
Surface EMG was recorded in four subjects on three different occasions from the three parts of the deltoid, the clavicular part of the pectoralis major and from the infraspinatus muscles at different angles of abduction, in the frontal and scapular plane. The integrated EMG was related to the maximum values found for each muscle or muscle part during test contractions (%EMG). Linear relations can be seen for abduction angle vs %EMG. During abduction in the scapular plane the middle and posterior parts of the deltoid muscle showed significantly less activity than in the frontal plane. A simple two dimensional model to calculate the deltoid force out of total external moment at the shoulder is presented. For the middle part of the deltoid an EMG-force relation is presented. The maximal deltoid forces found during test contractions are compared with the absolute muscle force. Also, the length-force relation for the middle part of the deltoid muscle is given between 30 degrees and 90 degrees of abduction.
在四名受试者中，于三个不同场合从三角肌的三个部分、胸大肌锁骨部以及不同外展角度下的冈下肌，在额面和肩胛面进行表面肌电图记录。积分肌电图与每次测试收缩期间各肌肉或肌肉部分的最大值相关（%肌电图）。外展角度与%肌电图之间呈现线性关系。在肩胛面外展过程中，三角肌的中部和后部活动明显少于在额面的活动。提出了一个简单的二维模型，用于根据肩部总外力矩计算三角肌力量。给出了三角肌中部的肌电图 - 力量关系。将测试收缩期间发现的最大三角肌力量与绝对肌肉力量进行比较。此外，还给出了三角肌中部在30度至90度外展之间的长度 - 力量关系。
