Wang Mei, Yang Mei, Li Ximiao, Li Jinliang, Zhang Xiuting, Zhang Yilin, Fan Xiuzhen
School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China.
Nurse Educ Today. 2025 Aug 5;154:106850. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2025.106850.
Procrastination is common among nursing graduate students and is linked to poor academic performance, student attrition, and various potential physical and mental health issues. In light of the global nursing shortage, understanding the factors that contribute to procrastination is essential for developing effective interventions to mitigate its impact.
This study aimed to examine the associations between perceived stress, academic control, achievement motivation, and procrastination among nursing graduate students through network analysis.
A cross-sectional survey design was used.
Convenience sampling was used to recruit 413 nursing graduate students from six universities with master's nursing degree programs in China between May and December 2022. Data were collected using the General Procrastination Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Perceived Academic Control Scale, and Achievement Motivation Scale. A Gaussian graphical model was constructed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress, academic control, achievement motivation, and procrastination. Centrality indices (closeness, strength, and betweenness), and bridge centrality indices (bridge strength) were calculated to identify central and bridge nodes as potential intervention targets.
Among the participants, 274 (66.3 %) had moderate or high levels of procrastination. "Perceived self-efficacy" and "motive to achieve success" were negatively associated with procrastination (weight = -0.17, -0.11), whereas "perceived helplessness" and "external control" were positively associated with procrastination (weight = 0.18, 0.11). The critical central and bridge nodes were "perceived self-efficacy" (strength = 0.99, bridge strength = 0.76), "external control" (strength = 0.72, bridge strength = 0.51), "motive to avoid failure" (strength = 0.63, bridge strength = 0.44), and procrastination (strength = 0.67, bridge strength = 0.67).
The findings indicate that approximately two-thirds of nursing graduate students exhibited moderate or high levels of procrastination. By applying network analysis, perceived self-efficacy, external control, and motive to avoid failure are identified as critical central and bridge nodes that may serve as promising targets for intervention. Nursing educators are encouraged to implement early screening for procrastination and to develop tailored strategies aimed at reducing procrastination by alleviating external control and motive to avoid failure, and strengthening perceived self-efficacy among nursing graduate students.
拖延在护理研究生中很常见，与学业成绩差、学生流失以及各种潜在的身心健康问题有关。鉴于全球护理人才短缺，了解导致拖延的因素对于制定有效的干预措施以减轻其影响至关重要。
本研究旨在通过网络分析探讨护理研究生感知压力、学业控制、成就动机与拖延之间的关联。
采用横断面调查设计。
2022年5月至12月，采用便利抽样法从中国六所设有护理学硕士学位项目的大学招募了413名护理研究生。使用一般拖延量表、感知压力量表、感知学业控制量表和成就动机量表收集数据。构建高斯图形模型以研究感知压力、学业控制、成就动机与拖延之间的关系。计算中心性指标（接近度、强度和中间中心性）和桥梁中心性指标（桥梁强度），以识别作为潜在干预目标的中心节点和桥梁节点。
在参与者中，274人（66.3%）有中度或高度拖延。“感知自我效能感”和“追求成功的动机”与拖延呈负相关（权重=-0.17，-0.11），而“感知无助感”和“外部控制”与拖延呈正相关（权重=0.18，0.11）。关键的中心节点和桥梁节点是“感知自我效能感”（强度=0.99，桥梁强度=0.76）、“外部控制”（强度=0.72，桥梁强度=0.51）、“避免失败的动机”（强度=0.63，桥梁强度=0.44）和拖延（强度=0.67，桥梁强度=0.67）。
研究结果表明，约三分之二的护理研究生表现出中度或高度拖延。通过应用网络分析，感知自我效能感、外部控制和避免失败的动机被确定为关键的中心节点和桥梁节点，可能成为有前景的干预目标。鼓励护理教育工作者对拖延进行早期筛查，并制定针对性策略，通过减轻外部控制和避免失败的动机，增强护理研究生的感知自我效能感，以减少拖延。
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