Austin Anna E, Ettinger de Cuba Stephanie, Maierhofer Courtney N, Naumann Rebecca B, Chen May, Anderson Kayla N, Shafer Paul R
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Children's HealthWatch, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
Prev Med. 2025 Oct;199:108385. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108385. Epub 2025 Aug 7.
Emergency allotments were issued in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the largest program addressing food insecurity in the United States, during the COVID-19 pandemic. These emergency allotments temporarily increased the amount of monthly food purchasing assistance received by SNAP-participating households. Our aim was to examine the association of the end of SNAP emergency allotments with food insufficiency and difficulty affording expenses, overall and among households with and without children.
We used March 2021-April 2022 Household Pulse Survey data from respondents in four states that ended emergency allotments in August 2021 ("earlier ender" states) and eight states that ended emergency allotments after the end of the study period (comparison states). We conducted difference-in-differences analyses to compare changes in the risk of food insufficiency and difficulty affording expenses from before to after the end of emergency allotments in August 2021 between SNAP-participating households in "earlier ender" states and comparison states.
Earlier ending of SNAP emergency allotments was associated with a 5.0 percentage point increase in the risk of food insufficiency (risk difference (RD) = 0.05, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.03, 0.07) and an 8.0 percentage point increase in the risk of difficulty affording expenses (RD = 0.08, 95 % CI 0.06, 0.09). The increase in the risk of food insufficiency was slightly larger for households with children (RD = 0.06, 95 % CI 0.03, 0.09) than households without children (RD = 0.04, 95 % CI 0.00, 0.08).
SNAP benefit reductions after the end of emergency allotments were associated with difficulty affording food and household expenses among households with and without children.
在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，美国最大的解决粮食不安全问题的项目——补充营养援助计划（SNAP）发放了紧急配额。这些紧急配额暂时增加了参与SNAP项目的家庭每月获得的食品购买援助金额。我们的目的是研究SNAP紧急配额结束与粮食不足及支付费用困难之间的关联，总体情况以及有子女和无子女家庭的情况。
我们使用了2021年3月至2022年4月家庭脉搏调查数据，这些数据来自四个在2021年8月结束紧急配额的州（“较早结束州”）的受访者，以及八个在研究期结束后结束紧急配额的州（对照州）。我们进行了双重差分分析，以比较“较早结束州”和对照州参与SNAP项目的家庭在2021年8月紧急配额结束前后粮食不足风险和支付费用困难的变化情况。
SNAP紧急配额提前结束与粮食不足风险增加5.0个百分点相关（风险差异（RD）=0.05，95%置信区间（CI）0.03，0.07），以及支付费用困难风险增加8.0个百分点相关（RD=0.08，95%CI 0.06，0.09）。有子女家庭的粮食不足风险增加幅度（RD=0.06，95%CI 0.03，0.09）略大于无子女家庭（RD=0.04，95%CI 0.00，0.08）。
紧急配额结束后SNAP福利减少与有子女和无子女家庭在支付食品和家庭费用方面的困难相关。
