Youssef Julie R, Boraie Nabila A, Ismail Fatma A, Bakr Basant A, Allam Eman A, Agami Mahmoud A, El-Moslemany Riham M
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21523, Egypt.
Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2025 Aug 9. doi: 10.1007/s13346-025-01937-2.
Pharmacological treatment of epilepsy is challenged by several barriers with the blood brain barrier (BBB) imposing the utmost restrictions to brain drug delivery. Antiepileptic drugs aim to reduce seizures frequency and severity while exerting minimal toxic effects. Herein, the merits of phytomedicine and brain targeted nanocarriers were combined for the control of seizures in a chronic epilepsy model. Fisetin (FS); a polyphenol and carveol (CAR); a limonene monoterpenoid were selected for their neuroprotective roles and co-loaded into lipid nanocapsules (FS/CAR@LNC). This was further decorated with mannose by post insertion targeting glucose transporter (GLUT-1) overexpressed on BBB (MAN-FS/CAR@LNC). The optimized MAN-FS/CAR@LNC revealed good colloidal properties with particle size (53.17 ± 4.06 nm), and low polydispersity index (0.11) and 26.9 ± 1.05 mV zeta potential. A high entrapment efficiency exceeding 99% and sustained drug release profile over 72 h were observed for both FS and CAR. In the in vivo imaging system (IVIS), MAN-FS/CAR@LNC attained 1.3-fold increase in fluorescence intensity at 5 h interval compared to FS/CAR@LNC. Following intraperitoneal administration in PTZ- induced chronic epilepsy mouse model, MAN-FS/CAR@LNC achieved maximal control of epileptic seizures accompanied with rehabilitation of locomotion, depressive and anxiety like-behaviors compared to FS/CAR and FS/CAR@LNC. Similarly, analysis of biomarkers reflecting depression and anxiety actions (brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BDNF, serotonin and glutamate) together with inflammatory markers (IL-6 and IL-1ꞵ) and histopathological assessment affirmed MAN-FS/CAR@LNC excelling in enhancing LNC brain targetability and hence seizures control. In conclusion, FS/CAR co-therapy aided with mannosylated LNC could present a compelling podium for the effective management of CNS disorders.
癫痫的药物治疗面临着诸多障碍,其中血脑屏障(BBB)对脑内药物递送施加了极大限制。抗癫痫药物旨在降低癫痫发作频率和严重程度,同时产生最小的毒性作用。在此,将植物药和脑靶向纳米载体的优点相结合,用于控制慢性癫痫模型中的癫痫发作。非瑟酮(FS);一种多酚和香芹酚(CAR);一种柠檬烯单萜因其神经保护作用而被选中,并共同负载到脂质纳米胶囊(FS/CAR@LNC)中。通过后插入法用甘露糖对其进行进一步修饰,以靶向血脑屏障上过度表达的葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUT-1)(MAN-FS/CAR@LNC)。优化后的MAN-FS/CAR@LNC显示出良好的胶体性质,粒径为(53.17±4.06 nm),多分散指数低(0.11),zeta电位为26.9±1.05 mV。FS和CAR的包封率均超过99%,且药物释放曲线可持续72小时。在体内成像系统(IVIS)中,与FS/CAR@LNC相比,MAN-FS/CAR@LNC在5小时间隔时的荧光强度增加了1.3倍。在PTZ诱导的慢性癫痫小鼠模型中腹腔注射后,与FS/CAR和FS/CAR@LNC相比,MAN-FS/CAR@LNC实现了对癫痫发作的最大控制,并伴有运动功能、抑郁和焦虑样行为的恢复。同样,对反映抑郁和焦虑作用的生物标志物(脑源性神经营养因子;BDNF、血清素和谷氨酸)以及炎症标志物(IL-6和IL-1β)的分析和组织病理学评估证实,MAN-FS/CAR@LNC在增强LNC脑靶向性从而控制癫痫发作方面表现出色。总之,甘露糖基化LNC辅助的FS/CAR联合疗法可能为有效管理中枢神经系统疾病提供一个有说服力的平台。
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