膳食中植物蛋白与动物蛋白的比例和早发性冠状动脉疾病（PCAD）风险：伊朗早发性冠状动脉疾病（IPAD）研究

Dietary plant-to-animal protein ratio and risk of premature coronary artery disease (PCAD): Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease (IPAD) study.

作者信息

Bateni Motahare, Mohammadifard Noushin, Haghighatdoost Fahimeh, Azar Mohammad Mahmoudi, Zarepur Ehsan, Belyani Saba, Salari Arsalan, Assareh Ahmadreza, Hosseini Shidokht, Nouri Fatemeh, Sarrafzadegan Nizal

机构信息

Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2025 Aug 9;25(1):596. doi: 10.1186/s12872-025-05016-9.

DOI:10.1186/s12872-025-05016-9

PMID:40783723

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The association between plant and animal protein and the risk of cardiovascular disease has been established. However, the association between the plant-to-animal protein ratio and the risk of premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the association between the plant-to-animal protein ratio and the risk of PCAD and severity of PCAD.

METHODS

This multi-center case-control study was conducted in the framework of the Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease (IPAD) study in 14 cities in Iran. The data were collected from hospitals with catheterization laboratories. Cases were 1435 patients with a stenosis ≥ 75% in at least one vessel or ≥ 50% in the left main artery. Control group were 711 individuals with normal angiography test. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We calculated the proportion of daily energy intake contributed by plant and animal protein separately, and then derived a unitless plant-to-animal protein ratio by dividing these 2%. The association between the plant-to-animal protein ratio and the risk of PCAD and its severity was investigated using logistics regression.

RESULTS

The mean (SD) of plant-to-animal protein ratio was 1.06 (0.44). In the fully adjusted model, the highest tertile of the plant-to-animal protein ratio was significantly associated with a decreased risk of PCAD compared with the lowest tertile (OR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.22-0.43, P trend < 0.001). There was an inverse relationship between the plant-to-animal protein ratio and the severity of PCAD (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.47-0.77, P trend < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results revealed an inverse association between the plant-to-animal protein ratio and the risk of PCAD and its severity. More future studies are needed to confirm this association.

摘要

背景

植物蛋白和动物蛋白与心血管疾病风险之间的关联已得到证实。然而，植物蛋白与动物蛋白的比例和早发性冠状动脉疾病（PCAD）风险之间的关联仍不清楚。

目的

探讨植物蛋白与动物蛋白的比例与PCAD风险及PCAD严重程度之间的关联。

方法

本多中心病例对照研究在伊朗14个城市的伊朗早发性冠状动脉疾病（IPAD）研究框架内进行。数据收集自设有导管实验室的医院。病例为1435例至少一条血管狭窄≥75%或左主干动脉狭窄≥50%的患者。对照组为711例血管造影检查正常的个体。使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。我们分别计算植物蛋白和动物蛋白占每日能量摄入的比例，然后将这两个比例相除得出一个无量纲的植物蛋白与动物蛋白比例。使用逻辑回归研究植物蛋白与动物蛋白比例与PCAD风险及其严重程度之间的关联。

结果

植物蛋白与动物蛋白比例的平均值（标准差）为1.06（0.44）。在完全调整模型中，与最低三分位数相比，植物蛋白与动物蛋白比例的最高三分位数与PCAD风险降低显著相关（OR = 0.31，95%CI：0.22 - 0.43，P趋势<0.001）。植物蛋白与动物蛋白比例与PCAD严重程度之间存在负相关（OR = 0.60，95%CI：0.47 - 0.77，P趋势<0.001）。