Murase Y, Tomoda Y, Imai N
Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi. 1985 Oct;37(10):2081-9.
It is well known that the entry of amniotic fluid into the mother's circulation may result in the occurrence of amniotic embolism, and aspiration of meconium by the neonate may cause meconium aspiration syndrome. To study meconium-like substances detected in the urine of mother and neonate during the perinatal period, the authors carefully assayed the Urinary Meconial Index (UMI) in subjects including 100 pregnant women, 171 parturient women, 171 neonates and 68 samples of amniotic fluid. Through the UMI assay, the frequency of the appearance of high UMI, the mode of delivery at high UMI and its effect upon both mother and neonate were studied and the following findings obtained. The entry of meconium into the mother's circulation occurs during labor pains and may be excreted into the mother's urine (6.4%). Labor pains enhance the entry of meconium into the mother's circulation and the entry takes place even in the absence of any clinical signs of rupture of the membranes (p less than 0.01). The entry of meconium into both mother and neonate occurs at a higher rate in dystocia and in cases with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (p less than 0.05). Even in the absence of marked symptoms such as those in meconium aspiration syndrome, the aspiration of meconium affects postnatal course of the newborn (positive CRP, early appearance of bilirubinemia: p less than 0.05).
众所周知，羊水进入母体循环可能导致羊水栓塞的发生，而新生儿吸入胎粪可能会引起胎粪吸入综合征。为了研究围产期母亲和新生儿尿液中检测到的类胎粪物质，作者仔细测定了100名孕妇、171名产妇、171名新生儿和68份羊水样本等受试者的尿胎粪指数（UMI）。通过UMI测定，研究了高UMI出现的频率、高UMI时的分娩方式及其对母亲和新生儿的影响，并获得了以下发现。胎粪进入母体循环发生在阵痛期间，且可能排泄到母亲尿液中（6.4%）。阵痛会增加胎粪进入母体循环的几率，即使在没有任何胎膜破裂临床迹象的情况下也会发生（p<0.01）。在难产和羊水胎粪污染的情况下，胎粪进入母亲和新生儿体内的发生率更高（p<0.05）。即使没有胎粪吸入综合征那样的明显症状，胎粪吸入也会影响新生儿的产后病程（CRP阳性、胆红素血症早期出现：p<0.05）。
