Mendonca Nidhi Regina, Isloor Arun M, Farnood Ramin
Membranes and Separation Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025, India.
Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto M5R OA3, Canada.
ACS Omega. 2025 Jul 23;10(30):32754-32764. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c00096. eCollection 2025 Aug 5.
Reactive dyes are well known for their color fastness. However, they also display a tendency toward carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Hence, among the many methods for their removal from dye wastewater, membrane technology appears to be the most viable. In this work, zwitterionic polymeric nanoparticles poly-(MBAAm--VSPI) were synthesized via precipitation polymerization following a free radical mechanism using ,'-methylene bis-(acrylamide) (MBAAm) as a cross-linker and laboratory-synthesized 1-vinyl-3-(3-sulfanatopropyl)-1-imidazole-3-ium (VSPI) as the monomer. The reaction was carried out in water by utilizing a water-soluble free radical initiator 2,2'-azobis-2-methylpropionamide dichloride (V-50). The resulting nanoparticles were analyzed using FTIR, SEM, EDS, XRD, TGA, zeta potential, DLS, and BET studies. Mixed matrix membranes were fabricated by the incorporation of laboratory-synthesized nanoparticles in the polysulfone (PSf) polymer matrix. Among the series of membranes fabricated, PM-2 showed the highest rejection of the reactive dyes, Reactive Black 5 (RB5 98%) and Reactive Orange 16 (RO16 86%), at 20 ppm concentration along with good pure water permeability of 82.34 L m h bar. Hence, this membrane has potential for the treatment of textile wastewater.
活性染料以其色牢度而闻名。然而，它们也表现出致癌性和致突变性的倾向。因此，在从染料废水中去除活性染料的众多方法中，膜技术似乎是最可行的。在这项工作中，通过沉淀聚合，以自由基机理，使用N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBAAm）作为交联剂，实验室合成的1-乙烯基-3-(3-磺丙基)-1-咪唑-3-鎓（VSPI）作为单体，合成了两性离子聚合物纳米颗粒聚（MBAAm-VSPI）。反应在水中利用水溶性自由基引发剂2,2'-偶氮二异丁基脒二盐酸盐（V-50）进行。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱分析（EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）、热重分析（TGA）、zeta电位、动态光散射（DLS）和比表面积分析（BET）研究对所得纳米颗粒进行了分析。通过将实验室合成的纳米颗粒掺入聚砜（PSf）聚合物基质中来制备混合基质膜。在制备的一系列膜中，PM-2在20 ppm浓度下对活性染料活性黑5（RB5，98%）和活性橙16（RO16，86%）表现出最高的截留率，同时具有82.34 L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar的良好纯水渗透率。因此，这种膜具有处理纺织废水的潜力。
