Knight-Agarwal Catherine, Bushell Mary, Hooper Mary-Ellen, JoJo Natasha, Atchan Marjorie, Shield Alison, Douglas Angela, Saleh Abu, Mohammadian Masoud, Khan Irfan, Chan Cheuk, Rovira Iturrieta Nico, Murphy Emily, Arza Tanishta, Davis Deborah
Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, Canberra, 2617, Australia, 61 407806663.
JMIR Diabetes. 2025 Aug 11;10:e65328. doi: 10.2196/65328.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a type of blood glucose intolerance or hyperglycemia that occurs during pregnancy, is a common condition increasing in prevalence both globally and in Australia. Mobile health apps have been shown to be a useful resource for women with type 1 diabetes and could successfully contribute to GDM management by facilitating healthy behaviors.
This study aimed to seek the perspectives of health care consumers (HCCs) and health professionals (HPs) regarding the development of a smartphone app for women living with GDM.
A co-design process with 4 distinct phases underpinned the development of SugarMumma. Phase 1 involved a nonsystematic literature search followed by the creation of an app functions wish list. In phase 2, semistructured interviews with HCCs and HPs were undertaken and then thematically analyzed. In phase 3, a prototype was designed based on social cognitive theory and stakeholder recommendations. Agile project management methodology was used, followed by "user acceptance testing." During phase 4, a second round of individual interviews was undertaken with HCCs and HPs. The same qualitative methods outlined in phase 2 were used.
In phase 2, individual and didactic interviews were undertaken with HCCs (n=2) and HPs (n=6). Two overarching themes encompassing recommendations for app development emerged: (1) functionality and (2) individualized care. SugarMumma was created in phase 3. Phase 4 involved a second round of individual interviews with HCCs (n=1) and HPs (n=5), resulting in the final theme (3) future directions.
With increasing numbers of people using smartphones, mobile health apps can help manage chronic conditions such as GDM. SugarMumma was designed following extensive stakeholder input. Good functionality, regular notifications, appealing visual aids, positive feedback, relevant dietary advice, and exporting information to HPs are important features to include.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是一种在孕期出现的血糖不耐受或高血糖类型，是一种在全球和澳大利亚患病率均不断上升的常见病症。移动健康应用程序已被证明是1型糖尿病女性的有用资源，并且通过促进健康行为能够成功助力GDM管理。
本研究旨在探寻医疗保健消费者（HCCs）和医疗专业人员（HPs）对于为患有GDM的女性开发一款智能手机应用程序的看法。
SugarMumma的开发基于一个包含4个不同阶段的协同设计流程。第1阶段包括非系统性文献检索，随后创建应用程序功能愿望清单。在第2阶段，对HCCs和HPs进行了半结构化访谈，然后进行了主题分析。在第 3阶段，基于社会认知理论和利益相关者的建议设计了一个原型。采用了敏捷项目管理方法，随后进行“用户接受测试”。在第4阶段，对HCCs和HPs进行了第二轮个人访谈。使用了第2阶段概述的相同定性方法。
在第2阶段，对2名HCCs和6名HPs进行了个人访谈和指导性访谈。出现了两个涵盖应用程序开发建议的总体主题：（1）功能和（2）个性化护理。SugarMumma在第3阶段创建。第4阶段涉及对1名HCCs和5名HPs进行第二轮个人访谈，产生了最终主题（3）未来方向。
随着使用智能手机的人数不断增加，移动健康应用程序有助于管理GDM等慢性病。SugarMumma是在广泛的利益相关者投入后设计的。良好的功能、定期通知、吸引人的视觉辅助工具、积极反馈、相关的饮食建议以及向医疗专业人员导出信息是需要纳入的重要功能。
