Dudášová K, Pavlová A, Kočíková B, Urda Dolinská M, Šalamúnová S, Molnár L, Kottferová L, Jacková A
Department of Epizootiology, Parasitology and Protection of One Health, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia.
Clinic of Birds, Exotic and Free Living Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia.
Food Environ Virol. 2025 Aug 11;17(3):42. doi: 10.1007/s12560-025-09657-z.
Hepatitis E is an emerging zoonosis caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV) and is recognised worldwide. Wild boars are considered one of the main reservoirs of the zoonotic HEV-3 genotype. However, HEV-3 has also been detected in many other wildlife species. In this study, we investigated 284 liver and muscle tissue samples from wild boars and 107 liver and muscle tissue samples from four different wild ruminant species (red deer, roe deer, European mouflon and fallow deer) across 35 hunting areas in Slovakia. HEV RNA was detected in 14.2% (95% CI 9.8-18.6%) of the liver and 10.5% (95% CI 0.4-20.6%) of the muscle tissue samples from wild boars but in none of the samples from the wild ruminant species. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial ORF1 and ORF2 of the HEV genome revealed that the Slovak wild boar HEV sequences clustered within the zoonotic genotype HEV-3. Depending on their geographical origin, the obtained sequences clustered into three HEV-3 subtypes: HEV-3a, HEV-3i and HEV-3e. Our findings confirm the circulation of HEV in the wild boar population in the Slovak Republic but not in wild ruminant species.
戊型肝炎是一种由戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）引起的新发人畜共患病，在全球范围内均有发现。野猪被认为是人畜共患的HEV-3基因型的主要宿主之一。然而，在许多其他野生动物物种中也检测到了HEV-3。在本研究中，我们调查了斯洛伐克35个狩猎区的284份野猪肝脏和肌肉组织样本以及来自四种不同野生反刍动物物种（马鹿、狍、欧洲盘羊和黇鹿）的107份肝脏和肌肉组织样本。在野猪的肝脏样本中，14.2%（95%置信区间9.8-18.6%）检测到HEV RNA，在肌肉组织样本中，10.5%（95%置信区间0.4-20.6%）检测到HEV RNA，但在野生反刍动物物种的样本中均未检测到。基于HEV基因组部分ORF1和ORF2的系统发育分析表明，斯洛伐克野猪的HEV序列聚集在人畜共患的HEV-3基因型内。根据其地理来源，获得的序列聚为三个HEV-3亚型：HEV-3a、HEV-3i和HEV-3e。我们的研究结果证实了HEV在斯洛伐克共和国野猪种群中的传播，但在野生反刍动物物种中未发现传播。
