Natarajan Prabhu Manickam, Umapathy Vidhya Rekha
Department of Clinical Sciences, Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences and Research, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Dentistry, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr.M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Front Oral Health. 2025 Jul 28;6:1524364. doi: 10.3389/froh.2025.1524364. eCollection 2025.
Oral cancer, a formidable public health challenge, demands innovative approaches for early detection and effective treatment. This review explores the transformative role of transcriptomics in oral cancer research, leveraging cutting-edge technologies to decode the RNA landscape of tumors. We delve into RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), long non-coding RNA sequencing (lncRNA-seq), microarray analysis, and small RNA profiling, showcasing their unique contributions to unraveling the complexities of oral cancer. By mapping gene expression patterns, identifying biomarkers, and understanding tumor heterogeneity at an unprecedented resolution, transcriptomics offers powerful insights into the molecular mechanisms driving oral cancer. Furthermore, we highlight how these approaches pave the way for personalized medicine, enabling precise therapeutic interventions and innovative treatment strategies. The review also addresses the future directions and challenges in the field, emphasizing the need for advanced computational tools and interdisciplinary collaboration to fully harness the potential of transcriptomics in transforming oral cancer care.
口腔癌是一项严峻的公共卫生挑战，需要创新的早期检测和有效治疗方法。本综述探讨了转录组学在口腔癌研究中的变革性作用，利用前沿技术解码肿瘤的RNA图谱。我们深入研究了RNA测序（RNA-seq）、单细胞RNA测序（scRNA-seq）、长链非编码RNA测序（lncRNA-seq）、微阵列分析和小RNA谱分析，展示了它们在揭示口腔癌复杂性方面的独特贡献。通过以前所未有的分辨率绘制基因表达模式、识别生物标志物和了解肿瘤异质性，转录组学为驱动口腔癌的分子机制提供了有力见解。此外，我们强调了这些方法如何为个性化医疗铺平道路，实现精确的治疗干预和创新的治疗策略。本综述还讨论了该领域的未来方向和挑战，强调需要先进的计算工具和跨学科合作，以充分发挥转录组学在改变口腔癌护理方面的潜力。
