Lee Bo-Hyeong Jane, Manzoni Anna
Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Soc Curr. 2024 Feb;11(1):80-99. doi: 10.1177/23294965231201373. Epub 2023 Sep 12.
We investigate how women's family, work, and education statuses are configured over the life course, defining different pathways throughout adulthood. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent and Adult Health, we conduct a repeated measures latent class analysis to explore the various pathways of family, work, and education that women take between their late teens and early forties. Additionally, we investigate the extent to which these pathways vary by race and socioeconomic background. We find seven distinct pathways. In three of the pathways, women are likely to become mothers at an earlier age, but differ in terms of education and work patterns. Three other pathways include women who focus primarily on college in early adulthood, but differ in terms of their work and family patterns. An additional pathway comprises women who remain largely independent while working and continuing education into adulthood. Pathways vary significantly by race, parents' education, and early family poverty. This study highlights the fluidity of women's work and educational experiences across adulthood, and articulates significant nuances in the different combinations of women's family, work, and education across demographic backgrounds.
我们研究了女性的家庭、工作和教育状况在人生历程中是如何构成的，确定了成年期的不同路径。利用青少年及成人健康全国纵向研究的数据，我们进行了重复测量潜在类别分析，以探索女性在十八九岁到四十出头之间家庭、工作和教育的各种路径。此外，我们还研究了这些路径在种族和社会经济背景方面的差异程度。我们发现了七条不同的路径。在其中三条路径中，女性可能较早成为母亲，但在教育和工作模式方面存在差异。另外三条路径包括在成年早期主要专注于大学学业的女性，但在工作和家庭模式方面存在差异。还有一条路径包括在成年后工作和继续教育期间基本保持独立的女性。路径因种族、父母教育程度和早期家庭贫困状况而有显著差异。这项研究突出了女性在成年期工作和教育经历的流动性，并阐明了不同人口背景下女性家庭、工作和教育不同组合中的显著细微差别。
