Gnanalingam Gaya, Kelly Eleanor R M, Coyle Lucy J, Smith Robert O, Allan Bridie J M
Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
Mar Environ Res. 2025 Oct;211:107410. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2025.107410. Epub 2025 Jul 30.
Globally, marine heatwaves (MHW) are predicted to increase in intensity, duration and frequency but the impacts of these extreme temperature events remain unassessed for a large number of valuable fisheries worldwide. During 2021-2023, southwest New Zealand experienced back-to-back summer MHWs, including the strongest and longest MHW during the 40-year satellite-era. These MHWs were linked to reports of southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) being caught in unusually poor condition. Jasus edwardsii supports one of the most economically valuable fisheries in New Zealand, and also has significant ecological, cultural, and recreational value. By simulating multi-week strong and extreme MHWs in the laboratory and sampling lobsters in the wild, we quantified the effects of thermal stress on J. edwardsii physiology and survival. In addition, we assessed whether lobsters could recover from any declines in health induced by the MHWs following a return to average temperatures. Methods included respirometry and metabolomic analyses of haemolymph pre-, peak- and post-MHW and assessments of haemolymph serum protein and visual stress scores every two weeks. Lobsters that experienced extreme MHW conditions displayed significant declines in haemolymph serum protein and increases in maximum metabolic rate and aerobic scope but these changes were not observed in the strong MHW or control treatments. Likewise metabolomics only identified differences between extreme MHW and control lobsters, including a number of acyl carnitines. Following a return to average summer temperatures, the only difference still apparent was elevated oxygen consumption for lobsters that experienced extreme MHW conditions. The results of this study highlight MHWs can have detrimental effects on species of fisheries value but that recovery may also be possible.
在全球范围内，预计海洋热浪（MHW）的强度、持续时间和频率将会增加，但对于全球大量重要渔业而言，这些极端温度事件的影响仍未得到评估。在2021年至2023年期间，新西兰西南部经历了连续的夏季海洋热浪，包括卫星时代40年来最强、持续时间最长的海洋热浪。这些海洋热浪与南方岩龙虾（Jasus edwardsii）被捕时状况异常不佳的报告有关。南方岩龙虾是新西兰最具经济价值的渔业之一，同时还具有重要的生态、文化和娱乐价值。通过在实验室模拟持续数周的强烈和极端海洋热浪，并对野外龙虾进行采样，我们量化了热应激对南方岩龙虾生理和生存的影响。此外，我们评估了龙虾在恢复到平均温度后，是否能够从海洋热浪引发的健康下降中恢复过来。方法包括在海洋热浪前、高峰期和过后对血淋巴进行呼吸测定和代谢组学分析，以及每两周评估血淋巴血清蛋白和视觉应激评分。经历极端海洋热浪条件的龙虾血淋巴血清蛋白显著下降，最大代谢率和有氧代谢范围增加，但在强烈海洋热浪或对照处理中未观察到这些变化。同样，代谢组学仅发现极端海洋热浪组和对照组龙虾之间存在差异，包括一些酰基肉碱。恢复到夏季平均温度后，仍然明显的唯一差异是经历极端海洋热浪条件的龙虾耗氧量升高。这项研究的结果表明，海洋热浪可能对具有渔业价值的物种产生有害影响，但恢复也有可能。
