Jimoh Abdulrazaq A, Adamu Zainab A, Rasheed Mumini W, Richard Samuel K
Department of Anatomic Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences, Azare, Nigeria.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Afr J Lab Med. 2025 Jul 30;14(1):2613. doi: 10.4102/ajlm.v14i1.2613. eCollection 2025.
The clinical significance of adenoma is as a result of being a precancerous lesion with long latency, harbouring of invasive carcinoma, bearing similar clinical features with colorectal cancer, and as part of hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes. Over-expression of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme has been noticed in adenomas with unfavourable features. However, this information is limited in Africa.
This study aimed to assess the proportion of adenomas in northern Nigeria that over-express COX-2.
This 5-year retrospective, descriptive, hospital-based study examined the COX-2 immunohistochemistry of all histologically diagnosed colorectal adenomas in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, between 01 January 2015 and 31 December 2019. Age, sex, site, diagnosis, and grade were obtained from the Kano cancer registry and slide reviews of cases.
There were cases of 29 adenoma (male, = 20; female, = 9). Adenoma occurred more commonly among male patients (M:F, 2.2:1), in the age group 40-79 years, and included tubular adenomas (62.1%), tubulovillous adenomas (27.6%), and villous adenomas (10.3%). Over-expression of COX-2 was observed in 3.4%. There was no association between COX-2 expression and age, sex, site, histological subtype, or grade.
Over-expressed COX-2 was observed in only 3.4% of adenomas, which may indicate its early involvement in the spectrum of adenoma-carcinoma sequence.
It provides key information about COX-2 expression in adenoma in an African population, which may serve as a rationale for other studies regarding COX-2 targets for chemoprevention and therapy in adenoma and colorectal cancer.
腺瘤的临床意义在于它是一种具有较长潜伏期的癌前病变，可能含有浸润性癌，具有与结直肠癌相似的临床特征，并且是遗传性结直肠癌综合征的一部分。在具有不良特征的腺瘤中已注意到环氧合酶-2（COX-2）酶的过度表达。然而，在非洲，这方面的信息有限。
本研究旨在评估尼日利亚北部过度表达COX-2的腺瘤比例。
这项为期5年的回顾性、描述性、基于医院的研究，对2015年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间在尼日利亚卡诺的阿米努·卡诺教学医院所有经组织学诊断的结直肠腺瘤进行了COX-2免疫组织化学检查。年龄、性别、部位、诊断和分级信息来自卡诺癌症登记处及病例玻片复查。
共29例腺瘤病例（男性20例；女性9例）。腺瘤在男性患者中更为常见（男:女为2.2:1），年龄多在40 - 79岁，包括管状腺瘤（62.1%）、绒毛状管状腺瘤（27.6%）和绒毛状腺瘤（10.3%）。观察到COX-2过度表达的比例为3.4%。COX-2表达与年龄、性别、部位、组织学亚型或分级之间无关联。
仅在3.4%的腺瘤中观察到COX-2过度表达，这可能表明其在腺瘤 - 癌序列谱中早期就有参与。
它提供了关于非洲人群腺瘤中COX-2表达的关键信息，这可为其他关于腺瘤和结直肠癌化学预防及治疗中COX-2靶点的研究提供理论依据。
