Wu Shuang, Cai Yantao, Liu Xiaoyu, Zhu Chenfang
Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Endocrinology, The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Jul 29;16:1608164. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1608164. eCollection 2025.
Thermal ablation is an effective treatment for thyroid nodules; however, the range of complications associated with thermal ablation is unclear. In this study, we analyzed the complications of thyroid nodule thermal ablation in our hospital in combination with data from different countries for further analysis to determine the complications.
536 patients treated by thermal ablation at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from Jan 2021 to Dec 2023 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The types and numbers of complications were recorded. Studies reporting complications of thermal ablation for thyroid nodules were identified in the PubMed database from Jan 2004 to Mar 2024. The incidence rate and types of complications were analyzed. Finally, we compared our data with those studies.
Twelve types of complications associated with thermal ablation occurred to patients in our hospital. The overall incidence was 10.82%. The top five complications were pain, edema, voice changes, hematoma, and vascular reactions. In addition, 21 kinds of complications were reported across 13 countries, and the average incidence rate was 12.61%. The top five complications were pain, vocal changes, edema, hematoma, and fever. The total incidence rate did not significantly differ between our hospital and other countries (P ≥ 0.05), though the incidences of specific complications, including tracheal injury, vasovagal reaction, dyspnea, scarring, infection and fever, were significantly different (P < 0.05).
The incidence of complications associated with thermal ablation of thyroid nodules is similar across countries. However, the proportions and types of complications vary regionally.
热消融是治疗甲状腺结节的有效方法；然而，与热消融相关的并发症范围尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们结合来自不同国家的数据，分析了我院甲状腺结节热消融的并发症，以进行进一步分析来确定并发症情况。
本回顾性研究纳入了2021年1月至2023年12月在上海第九人民医院接受热消融治疗的536例患者。记录并发症的类型和数量。在PubMed数据库中检索2004年1月至2024年3月报告甲状腺结节热消融并发症的研究。分析并发症的发生率和类型。最后，我们将我们的数据与那些研究的数据进行比较。
我院患者发生了与热消融相关的12种并发症。总发生率为10.82%。前五大并发症为疼痛、水肿、声音改变、血肿和血管反应。此外，13个国家共报告了21种并发症，平均发生率为12.61%。前五大并发症为疼痛、声音改变、水肿、血肿和发热。我院与其他国家的总发生率无显著差异（P≥0.05），但气管损伤、血管迷走神经反应、呼吸困难、瘢痕形成、感染和发热等特定并发症的发生率存在显著差异（P<0.05）。
各国甲状腺结节热消融相关并发症的发生率相似。然而，并发症的比例和类型存在地区差异。
