抗胆碱能药物——药物管理、处方级联反应与减停药物

Anticholinergic medicines - medication management, prescribing cascades, and deprescribing.

作者信息

Tadic Ivana, Weidmann Anita Elaine

机构信息

Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Innsbruck University, Innsbruck, Austria.

出版信息

Int J Clin Pharm. 2025 Aug 13. doi: 10.1007/s11096-025-01965-5.

Abstract

This comment aims to raise awareness of the problems encountered when using anticholinergic burden (ACB) tools for the assessment of inappropriate medications (PIM), concerns related to prescribing cascades, and the process of deprescribing in patients older than 65 years. The first published tool, BEERS criteria from 1991, interpreted the ACB as the single biggest iatrogenic problem in treating older patients. Numerous subsequent publications repeated this interpretation rather than using real-world data. By comparing three internationally validated PIM tools (AGS BEERs criteria; EU(7)-PIM; PIM), this comment highlights how their anticholinergic (ACh) medicines lists differ, lack specific details on the strength of the ACh effect while also not providing suitable alternative pharmacological approaches. In addition, this comment considers the recognized contribution of ACh medicines in prescribing cascades and resultant inappropriate polypharmacy concerns while also considering barriers to deprescribing in the face of lacking detailed clinical guidance.

摘要

本评论旨在提高人们对使用抗胆碱能负担(ACB)工具评估不适当用药(PIM)时遇到的问题、与处方级联相关的问题以及65岁以上患者减药过程的认识。1991年首次发表的工具“Beers标准”将ACB解释为治疗老年患者时最大的医源性问题。随后的大量出版物重复了这一解释,而不是使用实际数据。通过比较三种国际验证的PIM工具(美国老年医学会Beers标准;欧盟(7)-PIM;PIM),本评论强调了它们的抗胆碱能(ACh)药物清单如何不同,缺乏关于ACh效应强度的具体细节,同时也没有提供合适的替代药理学方法。此外,本评论考虑了ACh药物在处方级联中的公认作用以及由此产生的不适当多药联用问题,同时也考虑了在缺乏详细临床指导的情况下减药的障碍。

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