Knuutila Aapo, Ahvenainen Niina, Barkoff Alex-Mikael, Mertsola Jussi, van Gageldonk Pieter, Buisman Annemarie, Valente Pinto Marta, Kelly Dominic, He Qiushui
Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2025 Dec;14(1):2547720. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2547720. Epub 2025 Sep 2.
Acellular pertussis vaccines are used in many countries. Since the quantity of antibodies after vaccination wanes quickly, to study functional antibody properties is important for evaluating long-lasting protection. Additionally, substantial variation in the quantity and quality of antibodies exists after vaccination in different age groups. The avidity of antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT) after Tdap3-IPV booster vaccination was studied in children, adolescents, young adults, and older adults. Serum samples (365) were collected before, one month, and one year after vaccination in Finland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. The samples were diluted to equal anti-PT IgG concentrations, and avidity was measured utilizing urea as a chaotropic agent. Although concentrations of anti-PT IgG at baseline were similar between the countries, avidity was higher in the Netherlands and United Kingdom. Despite increased anti-PT IgG concentrations in participants after vaccination, an increase in avidity was noted mainly among participants with low pre-vaccine avidity. Avidity was significantly lower in older adults in comparison to children ( < 0.01) and adolescents ( = 0.03) in Finnish participants one month after vaccination. Avidity after booster was influenced by the initial level of avidity, which could be linked to vaccination background, age, and prior disease exposure. The development of avidity from one month after vaccination to a year after was highly individual, with some participants having either a decrease, an increase or a stagnant level of avidity. This emphasizes that long-term follow-up of avidity is essential. Booster vaccination seems particularly beneficial to individuals with low antibody avidity before vaccination.
无细胞百日咳疫苗在许多国家都有使用。由于接种疫苗后抗体数量会迅速下降，因此研究功能性抗体特性对于评估长期保护作用很重要。此外，不同年龄组接种疫苗后抗体的数量和质量存在很大差异。研究了儿童、青少年、年轻人和老年人接种Tdap3-IPV加强疫苗后针对百日咳毒素（PT）的抗体亲和力。在芬兰、荷兰和英国收集了接种疫苗前、接种后1个月和1年的血清样本（共365份）。将样本稀释至相同的抗PT IgG浓度，并使用尿素作为离液剂测量亲和力。尽管各国基线时抗PT IgG浓度相似，但荷兰和英国的抗体亲和力更高。尽管接种疫苗后参与者的抗PT IgG浓度有所增加，但亲和力增加主要见于疫苗接种前亲和力较低的参与者。在芬兰参与者中，接种疫苗1个月后，老年人的亲和力明显低于儿童（<0.01）和青少年（=0.03）。加强免疫后的亲和力受初始亲和力水平的影响，这可能与疫苗接种背景、年龄和既往疾病暴露有关。从接种疫苗1个月到1年后亲和力的变化具有高度个体性，一些参与者的亲和力有所下降、增加或保持不变。这强调了对亲和力进行长期随访至关重要。加强疫苗接种似乎对疫苗接种前抗体亲和力较低的个体特别有益。
