Erarkadaş Müjdat, Özmeral Erarkadaş Kübra, Şişmanlar Şahika Gülen
Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Gölcük Necati Çelik State Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2025 Aug 13. doi: 10.1007/s10803-025-06969-8.
This study aims to evaluate the levels of independence and social functioning in adulthood among individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) during childhood, and to investigate the predictive factors associated with these outcomes. Behavioral problems were evaluated using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist, activities of daily living were assessed using the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), and social functioning was measured with the Social Functioning Scale (SFS). Among 87 participants, only 4.6% (n = 4) were living alone, independently. Individuals with delayed motor milestones, who were illiterate, had lower intellectual levels, or had comorbid psychiatric disorders, showed significantly lower scores on the IADL and SFS. More than half of the participants were dependent in activities of daily living. Increased age, fewer siblings, being born earlier among siblings, earlier sentence formation, earlier acquisition of reading and writing skills, lower severity of autism symptoms, and fewer behavioral problems were associated with higher score in the SFS and IADL. Predictors of independence in activities of daily living included CARS score (severity of autism symptoms), intellectual level, SFS total score, and age at first sentence formation. Predictors of social functioning included CARS score, IADL total score, and age of literacy acquisition. We believe that our article, which, unlike many studies in the literature, includes individuals with varying autism severity and intellectual levels and evaluates the activities of daily living and social functioning in adults, utilizes validated psychometric tests, will contribute greatly to the literature.
本研究旨在评估童年时期被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的个体成年后的独立水平和社会功能，并调查与这些结果相关的预测因素。使用异常行为检查表评估行为问题，使用劳顿日常生活能力量表（IADL）评估日常生活活动，并使用社会功能量表（SFS）测量社会功能。在87名参与者中，只有4.6%（n = 4）独自独立生活。运动发育里程碑延迟、文盲、智力水平较低或患有共病精神障碍的个体在IADL和SFS上的得分显著较低。超过一半的参与者在日常生活活动中存在依赖。年龄增长、兄弟姐妹较少、在兄弟姐妹中出生较早、句子形成较早、读写技能习得较早、自闭症症状严重程度较低以及行为问题较少与SFS和IADL得分较高相关。日常生活活动独立性的预测因素包括儿童自闭症评定量表（CARS）得分（自闭症症状严重程度）、智力水平、SFS总分和首次形成句子的年龄。社会功能的预测因素包括CARS得分、IADL总分和识字习得年龄。我们相信，与文献中的许多研究不同，我们的文章纳入了自闭症严重程度和智力水平各异的个体，并评估了成年人的日常生活活动和社会功能，采用了经过验证的心理测量测试，将对文献做出巨大贡献。
