Motzfeldt Jensen Mette, Jørgensen Martin Grønbech, Elberling Almasi Charlotte, Andersen Stig
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Greenland Center for Health Research, Ilisimatusarfik, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2025 Dec;84(1):2545059. doi: 10.1080/22423982.2025.2545059. Epub 2025 Aug 13.
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is crucial for non-shivering thermogenesis, a key adaptation for humans in Arctic environments. The discovery of BAT presence in human adults has ignited curiosity due to its potential role in combating obesity, type II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Following PRISMA guidelines and preregistration (PROSPERO CRD42023444511) this systematic review aims to describe the evidence of BAT activity among adults living in the Arctic with habitual cold exposure. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus as of November 2024. In addition, trial registration searches, manual screening of reference lists, and requests to experts were performed. No restrictions were made regarding study selection. Each study was assessed using the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Of 429 studies screened, 21 full texts were included for eligibility assessment, and eight studies qualified for inclusion. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, a meta-analysis was not pursued. Results indicate high BAT activity in Arctic populations, as supported by increased supraclavicular skin temperatures after cold exposure, thyroid hormone dynamics, and genetic markers linked to BAT. Findings highlight BAT's role in cold adaptation among adults residing in Arctic regions, though methodological limitations remain, necessitating further research.
棕色脂肪组织（BAT）对于非颤抖性产热至关重要，这是人类在北极环境中的一种关键适应方式。成年人体内存在棕色脂肪组织这一发现引发了人们的好奇心，因为它在对抗肥胖、II型糖尿病和心血管疾病方面具有潜在作用。遵循PRISMA指南和预注册（PROSPERO CRD42023444511），本系统综述旨在描述生活在北极且长期暴露于寒冷环境中的成年人棕色脂肪组织活动的证据。截至2024年11月，在PubMed、Embase和Scopus数据库中进行了系统检索。此外，还进行了试验注册检索、参考文献列表的人工筛选以及向专家咨询。在研究选择方面没有限制。每项研究都使用美国国立卫生研究院观察性队列和横断面研究质量评估工具进行评估。在筛选的429项研究中，纳入21篇全文进行资格评估，8项研究符合纳入标准。由于纳入研究的异质性，未进行荟萃分析。结果表明，北极人群中棕色脂肪组织的活性较高，这得到了寒冷暴露后锁骨上皮肤温度升高、甲状腺激素动态变化以及与棕色脂肪组织相关的基因标记的支持。研究结果突出了棕色脂肪组织在居住在北极地区成年人的寒冷适应中的作用，尽管存在方法学上的局限性，但仍需要进一步研究。
