Bajwa Maria, Pasha Mustafa, Bajwa Zafar
MGH Institute of Health Professions (IHP), Boston, MA 02129-4557, USA.
REBEL Lab, MGH IHP Faculty, Boston, MA 02129-4557, USA.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Jul 29;13(15):1844. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13151844.
This case study presents the first documented use of a low-cost, simulated, patient-specific three-dimensional (3D) printed model to support presurgical planning for an infant with Apert syndrome in a resource-limited setting. The primary objectives are to (1) demonstrate the value of 3D printing as a simulation tool for preoperative planning in low-resource environments and (2) identify opportunities for future AI-enhanced simulation models in craniofacial surgical planning. High-resolution CT data were segmented using InVesalius 3, with mesh refinement performed in ANSYS SpaceClaim (version 2021). The cranial model was fabricated using fused deposition modeling (FDM) on a Creality Ender-3 printer with Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) filament. The resulting 3D-printed simulated model enabled the surgical team to assess cranial anatomy, simulate incision placement, and rehearse osteotomies. These steps contributed to a reduction in operative time and fewer complications during surgery. This case demonstrates the value of accessible 3D printing as a simulation tool in surgical planning within low-resource settings. Building on this success, the study highlights potential points for AI integration, such as automated image segmentation and model reconstruction, to increase efficiency and scalability in future 3D-printed simulation models.
本案例研究展示了首次有记录地使用低成本、模拟的、针对患者的三维(3D)打印模型,以支持在资源有限的环境中为一名患有Apert综合征的婴儿进行术前规划。主要目标是:(1)证明3D打印作为低资源环境中术前规划模拟工具的价值;(2)确定未来在颅面外科手术规划中人工智能增强模拟模型的机会。使用InVesalius 3对高分辨率CT数据进行分割,并在ANSYS SpaceClaim(2021版)中进行网格细化。颅骨模型是在一台使用丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)细丝的Creality Ender-3打印机上通过熔融沉积建模(FDM)制作而成。所得的3D打印模拟模型使手术团队能够评估颅骨解剖结构、模拟切口位置并演练截骨术。这些步骤有助于减少手术时间并降低手术期间的并发症。本案例证明了在低资源环境下,可及的3D打印作为手术规划模拟工具的价值。基于这一成功案例,该研究突出了人工智能整合的潜在要点,如自动图像分割和模型重建,以提高未来3D打印模拟模型的效率和可扩展性。
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