Nam Taegwang, Oh Hyeongbin, Kim Anna, Oh Yongtaek
College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju 54986, Republic of Korea.
KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 29;26(15):7310. doi: 10.3390/ijms26157310.
Time-restricted eating (TRE), a dietary strategy that aligns food intake with circadian rhythms, has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological approach for improving glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of TRE on glycemic outcomes by analyzing eight randomized controlled trials involving 312 participants with type 2 diabetes or impaired fasting glucose. Meta-analyses of six eligible studies demonstrated that TRE significantly reduced fasting glucose (mean difference [MD]: -0.74 mmol/L; 95% CI: -1.13 to -0.36) and glycated hemoglobin (ΔHbA1c) (MD: -0.11%; 95% CI: -0.15 to -0.07) and increased time in range (TIR) for blood glucose (MD: +10.51%; 95% CI: 6.81 to 14.21). Improvements in fasting glucose and HbA1c were modest but consistent, while the increase in TIR showed no between-study heterogeneity, suggesting a robust and reproducible benefit of TRE on glycemic stability. These findings support the clinical feasibility and effectiveness of TRE as a dietary intervention in diabetes management. However, further high-quality trials with standardized protocols and longer follow-up are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and inform guidelines.
限时进食（TRE）是一种使食物摄入与昼夜节律同步的饮食策略，已成为改善2型糖尿病患者血糖控制的一种有前景的非药物方法。本系统评价和荟萃分析通过分析八项随机对照试验（涉及312名2型糖尿病或空腹血糖受损参与者）评估了限时进食对血糖结果的影响。六项符合条件的研究的荟萃分析表明，限时进食显著降低了空腹血糖（平均差[MD]：-0.74 mmol/L；95%置信区间：-1.13至-0.36）和糖化血红蛋白（ΔHbA1c）（MD：-0.11%；95%置信区间：-0.15至-0.07），并增加了血糖在目标范围内的时间（TIR）（MD：+10.51%；95%置信区间：6.81至14.21）。空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白的改善幅度较小但具有一致性，而血糖在目标范围内时间的增加在各研究间无异质性，这表明限时进食对血糖稳定性具有强大且可重复的益处。这些发现支持了限时进食作为糖尿病管理中的饮食干预措施的临床可行性和有效性。然而，需要进一步开展具有标准化方案和更长随访期的高质量试验，以确认其长期疗效并为指南提供依据。
