Subedi Laxman, Le Duc Dat, Kim Eunbin, Phuyal Susmita, Bamjan Arjun Dhwoj, Truong Vinhquang, Kim Nam Ah, Shim Jung-Hyun, Seo Jong Bae, Oh Suk-Jung, Lee Mina, Park Jin Woo
Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
Biomedicine Cutting Edge Formulation Technology Center, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Aug 1;26(15):7467. doi: 10.3390/ijms26157467.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common progressive hair loss disorder driven by elevated dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, leading to follicular miniaturization. This study investigated sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract (BSE) as a potential oral therapy for AGA. BSE exhibited dose-dependent proliferative and migratory effects on keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and dermal papilla cells, showing greater in vitro activity than sulforaphane (SFN) and minoxidil under the tested conditions, while maintaining low cytotoxicity. In a testosterone-induced AGA mouse model, oral BSE significantly accelerated hair regrowth, with 20 mg/kg achieving 99% recovery by day 15, alongside increased follicle length, density, and hair weight. Mechanistically, BSE upregulated hepatic and dermal DHT-metabolizing enzymes (Akr1c21, Dhrs9) and activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the skin, suggesting dual actions via androgen metabolism modulation and follicular regeneration. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed prolonged SFN plasma exposure following BSE administration, and in silico docking showed strong binding affinities of key BSE constituents to Akr1c2 and β-catenin. No systemic toxicity was observed in liver histology. These findings indicate that BSE may serve as a safe, effective, and multitargeted natural therapy for AGA. Further clinical studies are needed to validate its efficacy in human populations.
雄激素性脱发（AGA）是一种常见的进行性脱发疾病，由二氢睾酮（DHT）水平升高驱动，导致毛囊小型化。本研究调查了富含萝卜硫素的西兰花芽提取物（BSE）作为AGA的一种潜在口服治疗方法。BSE对角质形成细胞、真皮成纤维细胞和毛乳头细胞表现出剂量依赖性的增殖和迁移作用，在测试条件下显示出比萝卜硫素（SFN）和米诺地尔更强的体外活性，同时保持低细胞毒性。在睾酮诱导的AGA小鼠模型中，口服BSE显著加速毛发生长，20mg/kg剂量在第15天时毛发再生率达到99%，同时毛囊长度、密度和毛发重量增加。从机制上讲，BSE上调肝脏和皮肤中的DHT代谢酶（Akr1c21、Dhrs9）并激活皮肤中的Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号通路，提示其通过雄激素代谢调节和毛囊再生发挥双重作用。药代动力学分析显示，给予BSE后SFN在血浆中的暴露时间延长，计算机模拟对接显示BSE关键成分与Akr1c2和β-连环蛋白具有很强的结合亲和力。肝脏组织学检查未观察到全身毒性。这些发现表明，BSE可能是一种安全、有效且多靶点的AGA天然治疗方法。需要进一步的临床研究来验证其在人群中的疗效。
