Tkachenko Kateryna, Bachetti Tiziana, Rosano Camillo
Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Unit, IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Molecules. 2025 Jul 22;30(15):3056. doi: 10.3390/molecules30153056.
Diadenosine polyphosphates, including diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), are ubiquitous nucleotides that are present across diverse life forms, gaining considerable interest due to their role as cellular signaling molecules. Ap4A, in particular, has been extensively researched in various biological systems, especially under conditions of environmental stress. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current knowledge surrounding Ap4A, focusing on its biosynthesis and degradation pathways, the identification of Ap4A protein targets and the molecular mechanisms underlying its action. Furthermore, this review aims to examine the interplay between the various pathogenetic mechanisms driving tumor development and the potential role of Ap4A which emerges as pivotal signaling molecules orchestrating cellular responses to environmental challenges, positioning them at the nexus of cancer adaptation and progression.
包括四磷酸二腺苷（Ap4A）在内的多磷酸二腺苷是普遍存在的核苷酸，存在于各种生命形式中，由于它们作为细胞信号分子的作用而备受关注。特别是Ap4A，已在各种生物系统中得到广泛研究，尤其是在环境应激条件下。本综述对目前有关Ap4A的知识进行了深入分析，重点关注其生物合成和降解途径、Ap4A蛋白靶点的鉴定及其作用的分子机制。此外，本综述旨在探讨驱动肿瘤发展的各种致病机制之间的相互作用以及Ap4A的潜在作用，Ap4A作为关键信号分子协调细胞对环境挑战的反应，使其处于癌症适应和进展的关键节点。
