Ahmed Omar Hussein
Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, College of Pharmacy, Tikrit University, Tikrit 34001, Iraq.
Molecules. 2025 Aug 1;30(15):3232. doi: 10.3390/molecules30153232.
This paper deals with the detection of amino acid composition of Iraqi (basil) leaves and evaluation of the cytotoxic effects of the plant leaf extract on human colorectal cancer cells.
Leaves of were collected from Iraq in November 2024. After drying and powdering, the plant material went through cold methanol extraction. Initial phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, and terpenoids. Amino acid analysis was completed by an amino acid analyzer with fluorescence detection. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated via the MTT assay on HRT-18 cell lines. Morphological changes were further tested using dual Propidium Iodide/Acridine Orange assay fluorescent staining.
Seventeen amino acids were detected in the plant extract. The extract showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on HRT-18 cells, with significant reduction in cell viability at concentrations of more than 25 µg/mL. Morphological alterations of membrane blebbing and cell shrinkage were observed, suggesting apoptotic activity. The IC value confirmed strong cytotoxic potential.
The extract of leaf cultivated in Iraq shows a rich amino acid profile and significant cytotoxic activity against colorectal cancer cells that highlights its potential effect as a natural source of anticancer compounds.
本文研究伊拉克（罗勒）叶片的氨基酸组成检测以及该植物叶提取物对人结肠癌细胞的细胞毒性作用评估。
2024年11月从伊拉克采集罗勒叶片。干燥并粉碎后，对植物材料进行冷甲醇提取。进行初步植物化学筛选以鉴定生物碱、黄酮类化合物、香豆素和萜类化合物的存在。通过带有荧光检测的氨基酸分析仪完成氨基酸分析。通过MTT法对HRT - 18细胞系评估细胞毒性作用。使用双碘化丙啶/吖啶橙荧光染色进一步检测形态变化。
在植物提取物中检测到17种氨基酸。该提取物对HRT - 18细胞显示出剂量依赖性细胞毒性作用，浓度超过25μg/mL时细胞活力显著降低。观察到细胞膜泡化和细胞收缩的形态改变，表明有凋亡活性。IC值证实了强大的细胞毒性潜力。
伊拉克种植的罗勒叶提取物显示出丰富的氨基酸谱以及对结肠癌细胞的显著细胞毒性活性，突出了其作为抗癌化合物天然来源的潜在作用。
