Liu Bohan, Gong Tao, Lei Tianhua, Zhu Yuxin, Huang Yijun, Tang Kai, Zhou Qingsong
School of Physics, Electronics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China.
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control Technology for Wuling-Mountain Ecological Agriculture in Hunan Province, Huaihua 418000, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jul 25;25(15):4626. doi: 10.3390/s25154626.
In the field of high-altitude operations, the frequent occurrence of fall accidents is usually closely related to safety measures such as the incorrect use of safety locks and the wrong installation of safety belts. At present, the manual inspection method cannot achieve real-time monitoring of the safety status of the operators and is prone to serious consequences due to human negligence. This paper designs a new type of high-altitude operation safety device based on the STM32F103 microcontroller. This device integrates ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging technology, thin-film piezoresistive stress sensors, Beidou positioning, intelligent voice alarm, and intelligent safety lock. By fusing five modes, it realizes the functions of safety status detection and precise positioning. It can provide precise geographical coordinate positioning and vertical ground distance for the workers, ensuring the safety and standardization of the operation process. This safety device adopts multi-modal fusion high-altitude operation safety monitoring technology. The UWB module adopts a bidirectional ranging algorithm to achieve centimeter-level ranging accuracy. It can accurately determine dangerous heights of 2 m or more even in non-line-of-sight environments. The vertical ranging upper limit can reach 50 m, which can meet the maintenance height requirements of most transmission and distribution line towers. It uses a silicon carbide MEMS piezoresistive sensor innovatively, which is sensitive to stress detection and resistant to high temperatures and radiation. It builds a Beidou and Bluetooth cooperative positioning system, which can achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy and an identification accuracy rate of over 99%. It can maintain meter-level positioning accuracy of geographical coordinates in complex environments. The development of this safety device can build a comprehensive and intelligent safety protection barrier for workers engaged in high-altitude operations.
在高空作业领域，坠落事故频发通常与安全锁使用不当、安全带安装错误等安全措施密切相关。目前，人工检查方法无法实现对作业人员安全状态的实时监测，且容易因人为疏忽而导致严重后果。本文基于STM32F103微控制器设计了一种新型高空作业安全装置。该装置集成了超宽带（UWB）测距技术、薄膜压阻式应力传感器、北斗定位、智能语音报警和智能安全锁。通过融合五种模式，实现了安全状态检测和精确定位功能。它能为作业人员提供精确的地理坐标定位和离地面垂直距离，确保作业过程的安全与规范。这种安全装置采用多模态融合高空作业安全监测技术。UWB模块采用双向测距算法，实现厘米级测距精度。即使在非视距环境下，也能准确判定2米及以上危险高度。垂直测距上限可达50米，能满足大多数输配电线路铁塔的维护高度要求。它创新性地采用了碳化硅MEMS压阻式传感器，对应力检测敏感，耐高温、耐辐射。它构建了北斗与蓝牙协同定位系统，可实现厘米级定位精度，识别准确率超过99%。在复杂环境下能保持地理坐标米级定位精度。这种安全装置的研制可为从事高空作业的人员构建一道全面、智能的安全防护屏障。
