Gao Chengtao, Zhang Li, Liu Xianrong, He Chen, Luo Shanshan, Tian Qin
Guizhou Material Industrial Technology Institute, Guiyang 550014, China.
College of Electronic Information Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jul 31;17(15):2114. doi: 10.3390/polym17152114.
Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic nanofibrous or microfibrous membranes are regarded as ideal oil/water separation materials owing to their controllable porosity, superior separation efficiency, and ease of operation. However, developing efficient, scalable, and environmentally friendly strategies for fabricating such membranes remains a significant challenge. In this study, isotactic polypropylene (iPP) fibrous membranes with morphologies ranging from ellipsoidal stacking to microfiber stacking were successfully fabricated via a multistage stretching extrusion and leaching process using in situ microfibrillar composites (MFCs). The results establish a significant relationship between microfiber morphology and membrane oil adsorption performance. Compared with membranes formed from high-aspect-ratio microfibers, those comprising short microfibers feature larger pores and a more open structure, which enhances their oil adsorption capacity. Among the fabricated membranes, the iPP membrane with an ellipsoidal stacking morphology exhibits optimal performance, achieving a porosity of 65% and demonstrating both hydrophobicity and superoleophilicity, with a silicone oil adsorption capacity of up to 312.5%. Furthermore, this membrane shows excellent reusability and stability over ten adsorption-desorption cycles using chloroform. This study presents a novel approach leveraging in situ microfibrillar composites to prepare high-performance oil/water separation membranes in this study, underscoring their considerable promise for practical use.
超疏水和超亲油的纳米纤维或微纤维膜由于其可控的孔隙率、卓越的分离效率和易于操作，被视为理想的油水分离材料。然而，开发高效、可扩展且环保的制备此类膜的策略仍然是一项重大挑战。在本研究中，通过使用原位微纤复合材料（MFCs）的多级拉伸挤出和浸出工艺，成功制备了形态从椭圆形堆叠到微纤维堆叠的等规聚丙烯（iPP）纤维膜。结果建立了微纤维形态与膜的油吸附性能之间的显著关系。与由高长径比微纤维形成的膜相比，那些由短微纤维组成的膜具有更大的孔隙和更开放的结构，这提高了它们的油吸附能力。在所制备的膜中，具有椭圆形堆叠形态的iPP膜表现出最佳性能，孔隙率达到65%，兼具疏水性和超亲油性，硅油吸附容量高达312.5%。此外，该膜在使用氯仿进行十次吸附 - 解吸循环中表现出优异的可重复使用性和稳定性。本研究提出了一种利用原位微纤复合材料制备高性能油水分离膜的新方法，突出了它们在实际应用中的巨大潜力。
