He Jinke, Wang Yingxue, Weng Fangbin
Department of Infectious Disease, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Public Health and Geriatric Health Guidance, Yiwu Central Hospital, Zhejiang, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jul 30;13:1600826. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1600826. eCollection 2025.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health issue, with fast food consumption hypothesized as a risk factor. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the relationship between fast food intake and NAFLD.
This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase from inception to February 28, 2025. A total of nine eligible observational studies involving 169,771 participants were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects models.
A higher consumption of fast food was significantly associated with a 55% increased risk of NAFLD (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.51-1.59, < 0.001, I = 15.6%). Moreover, fast food intake was linked to a 37% higher risk of obesity (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.27-1.49, < 0.001, I = 54.2%), a key metabolic factor in NAFLD pathogenesis. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these associations, with no significant evidence of publication bias.
Fast food consumption is positively associated with NAFLD and obesity. Heterogeneity highlights the need for standardized methods in future large-scale studies to validate these findings and inform preventive strategies.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是一个全球性的健康问题，快餐消费被认为是一个风险因素。本荟萃分析旨在探讨快餐摄入与NAFLD之间的关系。
本综述按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）2020指南进行。从创刊至2025年2月28日，在PubMed、科学网、Scopus和Embase上进行了全面检索。共纳入9项符合条件的观察性研究，涉及169,771名参与者。使用随机效应模型计算合并比值比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI）。
快餐摄入量较高与NAFLD风险显著增加55%相关（OR = 1.55，95% CI：1.51 - 1.59，P < 0.001，I² = 15.6%）。此外，快餐摄入与肥胖风险增加37%相关（OR = 1.37，95% CI：1.27 - 1.49，P < 0.001，I² = 54.2%）——肥胖是NAFLD发病机制中的一个关键代谢因素。敏感性分析证实了这些关联的稳健性，没有明显的发表偏倚证据。
快餐消费与NAFLD和肥胖呈正相关。异质性凸显了未来大规模研究中需要采用标准化方法来验证这些发现并为预防策略提供依据。
