Xu Baicai, Hwang Ji-Yun
Department of Foodservice Management and Nutrition, Graduate School, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea.
Major of Foodservice Management and Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2025 Aug;19(4):566-576. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2025.19.4.566. Epub 2025 Aug 1.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Dietary choices play a crucial role in individual health, with food literacy being a key factor influencing these choices. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between food literacy and healthy eating intentions among adults in Shandong Province, China.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Cross-sectional data were collected from 492 adults in Shandong Province, China, between October 2023 and January 2024, using a validated questionnaire that incorporated constructs from the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and food literacy (FL). The FL levels were categorized using the original 4-level classification, and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted, controlling for confounders to examine the associations across these levels.
The scores for the behavioral intentions varied according to sociodemographic factors, such as education levels and physical activity. As the FL levels increased, the scores on all TPB constructs increased significantly, consistently, and linearly (all, < 0.001, for trend < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the perceived behavioral control remained a consistent and significant positive predictor of the behavioral intentions across all levels of FL ( < 0.001). Nevertheless, the subjective norms ( < 0.001) were positively associated with healthy eating intentions only among individuals in the lowest rank of FL, whereas the attitudes ( = 0.019) were positively associated with the behavioral intentions only among those in the highest rank.
Individuals with lower FL levels were likelier to have their behavioral intentions influenced by others. In contrast, those with higher FL levels tended to hold more positive attitudes toward the benefits of healthy eating and showed greater willingness to seek detailed dietary information. These findings underscore the importance of developing targeted interventions to enhance FL and promote healthy eating intentions among adults in Shandong Province.
背景/目的：饮食选择在个人健康中起着至关重要的作用，食物素养是影响这些选择的关键因素。因此，本研究调查了中国山东省成年人的食物素养与健康饮食意愿之间的关系。
对象/方法：2023年10月至2024年1月期间，使用一份经过验证的问卷，从中国山东省的492名成年人中收集横断面数据，该问卷纳入了计划行为理论（TPB）和食物素养（FL）的相关结构。FL水平采用原始的四级分类进行划分，并进行多元线性回归分析，控制混杂因素以检验这些水平之间的关联。
行为意愿得分因社会人口学因素而异，如教育水平和身体活动。随着FL水平的提高，所有TPB结构的得分均显著、持续且呈线性增加（所有P<0.001，趋势P<0.001）。在调整混杂变量后，感知行为控制在所有FL水平上仍然是行为意愿的一致且显著的正向预测因子（P<0.001）。然而，主观规范（P<0.001）仅在FL最低等级的个体中与健康饮食意愿呈正相关，而态度（P = 0.019）仅在最高等级的个体中与行为意愿呈正相关。
FL水平较低的个体更有可能使其行为意愿受到他人影响。相比之下，FL水平较高的个体往往对健康饮食的益处持有更积极的态度，并表现出更强的意愿去寻求详细的饮食信息。这些发现强调了制定有针对性的干预措施以提高FL并促进山东省成年人健康饮食意愿的重要性。
