Stoco Adriel Aparecido Geraldo, Mazzola Priscila Gava
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Cândido Portinari, 200, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-871, Brazil.
J Cannabis Res. 2025 Aug 16;7(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s42238-025-00317-4.
This review aims to assess the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids as complementary treatments for atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin disease characterized by the loss of skin barrier function that promotes subsequent symptoms such as intense itching, xerosis and inflammation. Several treatments are available, particularly topical approaches, which are crucial for both acute and chronic management of the disease. The main objectives of topical treatments are to promote skin hydration and reduce itching and immune responses, typically through lotions and topical medications such as glucocorticoids. However, the long-term use of glucocorticoids presents certain disadvantages, highlighting the need for new therapeutic options to minimize adverse effects and providing a broader range of choices for both physicians and patients to find the best alternative for each case. Research involving cannabinoids, which can be endogenous, plant-based or synthetic, has intensified in recent years to evaluate the therapeutic potential of these compounds for skin conditions, including AD. Studies suggest that phytocannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), along with endogenous and synthetic compounds such as palmitoyletanolamide (PEA) and dronabinol, can improve AD symptoms, primarily because of their anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and antioxidant properties. Additionally, some cannabinoids exhibit antimicrobial effects. Despite these promising results, the use of cannabinoids in AD treatment requires further investigation to better understand their efficiency and safety, necessitating high-accuracy clinical and preclinical trials.
本综述旨在评估大麻素作为特应性皮炎辅助治疗方法的治疗潜力。特应性皮炎（AD）是一种以皮肤屏障功能丧失为特征的皮肤病，这种功能丧失会引发后续症状，如剧烈瘙痒、皮肤干燥和炎症。目前有多种治疗方法，尤其是局部治疗方法，这对该疾病的急性和慢性管理都至关重要。局部治疗的主要目标是促进皮肤水合作用，减轻瘙痒和免疫反应，通常通过乳液和外用药物如糖皮质激素来实现。然而，长期使用糖皮质激素存在一定弊端，这凸显了需要新的治疗选择以尽量减少不良反应，并为医生和患者提供更广泛的选择，以便为每个病例找到最佳替代方案。近年来，涉及大麻素的研究有所加强，大麻素可以是内源性的、基于植物的或合成的，目的是评估这些化合物对包括AD在内的皮肤疾病的治疗潜力。研究表明，植物大麻素如大麻二酚（CBD）和Δ-9-四氢大麻酚（THC），以及内源性和合成化合物如棕榈酰乙醇酰胺（PEA）和屈大麻酚，可以改善AD症状，主要是因为它们具有抗炎、止痒和抗氧化特性。此外，一些大麻素还具有抗菌作用。尽管取得了这些令人鼓舞的结果，但在AD治疗中使用大麻素仍需进一步研究，以更好地了解其有效性和安全性，这就需要进行高精度的临床和临床前试验。
